P.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is are fossil fuels, what are some examples, what are some advantages and disadvantages of them

A

A fossil fuel is an energy resource that take millions of years to form and will eventually run out. e.g (crude oil, coal and natural gas.)

Advantages of them: include that they are affordable and have high energy density.

Disadvantages of them: they realise high amounts of CO2 when burned and they will eventually run out.

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2
Q

What are biofuels, what are some examples, what are some advantages and disadvantages of them

A

Biofuels are fuels taken from living or recently living organisms e.g methane from animal waste and ethanol.

Advantages of them: include that they are carbon neutral and renewable resources

Disadvantages of them: they are expensive to be produced into energy

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3
Q

What are renewable resources

A

Renewable resources are resources that are used at the same rate they are replaced

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4
Q

How are fossil fuels formed

A

Fossil fuels are when millions of years ago animals and plants died and their body’s sank to the bottom of oceans and rivers.

Their remains where covered by many layers of sand clay and mud which became sedimentary rock.

As more rock covered them the pressure and temperature increased.

The remains where then heated which changed them into crude oil, coal and natural gas.

Large drills are often used to extract these resources.

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5
Q

What is wind power, how dose it work, what are some advantages and disadvantages of it

A

Wind power is power that comes from wind turbines. The force of the wind spins the turbines blades around which are connected to a generator, which then generates electricity from the kinetic energy of the spinning turbine blade.

Advantages of this: it uses renewable resources

Disadvantages of this: in oder to be deployed in the most effective places they often have to travel for miles and they are very expensive per machine

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6
Q

Disadvantages of renewable energy

A
  1. Unreliable (except for hydro )
  2. Initially expensive, payback time
  3. Tidal and hydro destroy habitats
  4. Wind, noise pollution and eyesores
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7
Q

What is a non renewable energy source

A

Nonrenewable energy resources take millions of years to form and will eventually run out as there is a finite supply earth

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8
Q

Carbon neutral

A

A biofuel from a living organism that takes in as much Co2 from the atmosphere as it releases when the fuel is burned

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9
Q

Geothermal energy

A

Energy released by radioactive substances deep within the Earth

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10
Q

National grid

A

The network of cables and transformers used to transfer electricity from power stations to consumers (i.e homes, shops, offices, factories etc )

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11
Q

Nuclear fuel

A

Substance used nuclear reactors that releases energy due to nuclear fission

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12
Q

Nucleus

A

Tiny positively charged object composed of protons and neutrons at the centre of every atom

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13
Q

Reactor core

A

The thick steel vessel used to contain fuel rods, control rods and the moderator in a nuclear fission reactor

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14
Q

Renewable energy

A

Energy from natural sources that is always being replenished so it never runs out

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15
Q

What a non- renewable energy source

A

Non renewable energy resources take millions of years to form and will eventually run out as there is a finite supply on Earth

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16
Q

What is meant by a fuel

A

Fuel is something that releases energy when burned via combustion or nuclear fission

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17
Q

How do you access energy from fuels

A

Energy stores accessed though combustion ( burning in the presence of oxygen ) or through nuclear fission in nuclear reactors

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18
Q

How does hydroelectric power work

A
  1. Water is held behind a dam storing gravitational potential energy
  2. Water burns through pipes ( gravitational potential to kinetic energy )
  3. Turbine connected to generator, producing electricity
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19
Q

Advantages of hydroelectric power

A
  1. Reliable constant rate of electric generation
  2. No pollution
  3. Water can be saved for use of an electricity demand is high
  4. Dams are designed to last for many decades
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20
Q

Disadvantages of hydroelectric power

A
  1. Very expensive to build
  2. Must operate for decades before profitable
  3. Flooding of large areas required
  4. People sometimes must leave their homes for land to be flooded
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21
Q

How does tidal power work

A

Water from the high tide is trapped between a barrage and then is released through turbines, turning them which turns the generator to generate electricity

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22
Q

How does wave power work

A

The wave generator uses wave motion to make a generator move up and down, this turns the generator to generate electricity which is transferred to the shore via a cable

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23
Q

Advantages of tidal and wave power

A
  1. No pollution
  2. Free energy resource
  3. Can predict the tides
  4. Infinite resource
24
Q

Disadvantages of wave and tidal power

A
  1. Cost of set up is high
  2. Generation is from short period at tide peaks
  3. Only works at ideal locations along the coast lines
  4. Can disrupt sea life
25
Q

Advantages of renewable energy

A
  1. Zero fuel costs
  2. Sustainable
  3. No pollution ( clean, green )
  4. Hydro can meet sudden demand of electricity
26
Q

What is solar power

A

Solar power is power that comes from solar panels. Solar panels have cold water pumped in then the heat from the sun reflecting of many mirrors heats it up as it leaves the solar panel. The hot water then enters a generator were it becomes electricity

27
Q

Advantages of solar power

A

It is sustainable and renewable energy and they do not produce any noise.

28
Q

Disadvantages of solar power

A

Solar panels are very expensive and it is dependent of clear weather

29
Q

Geothermal energy

A

Energy released by radioactive substances deep within the Earth

30
Q

National grid

A

The network of cables and transformers used to transfer electricity from power stations to consumers (i.e homes, shops, offices, factories etc )

31
Q

Nuclear fuel

A

Substance used nuclear reactors that releases energy due to nuclear fission

32
Q

Nucleus

A

Tiny positively charged object composed of protons and neutrons at the centre of every atom

33
Q

Renewable energy

A

Energy from natural sources that is always being replenished so it never runs out

34
Q

What a non- renewable energy source

A

Non renewable energy resources take millions of years to form and will eventually run out as there is a finite supply on Earth

35
Q

What is meant by a fuel

A

Fuel is something that releases energy when burned via combustion or nuclear fission

36
Q

How do you access energy from fuels

A

Energy stores accessed though combustion ( burning in the presence of oxygen ) or through nuclear fission in nuclear reactors

37
Q

How does hydroelectric power work

A
  1. Water is held behind a dam storing gravitational potential energy
  2. Water burns through pipes ( gravitational potential to kinetic energy )
  3. Turbine connected to generator, producing electricity
38
Q

Advantages of hydroelectric power

A
  1. Reliable constant rate of electric generation
  2. No pollution
  3. Water can be saved for use of an electricity demand is high
  4. Dams are designed to last for many decades
39
Q

Disadvantages of hydroelectric power

A
  1. Very expensive to build
  2. Must operate for decades before profitable
  3. Flooding of large areas required
  4. People sometimes must leave their homes for land to be flooded
40
Q

How does tidal power work

A

Water from the high tide is trapped between a barrage and then is released through turbines, turning them which turns the generator to generate electricity

41
Q

How does wave power work

A

The wave generator uses wave motion to make a generator move up and down, this turns the generator to generate electricity which is transferred to the shore via a cable

42
Q

Advantages of tidal and wave power

A
  1. No pollution
  2. Free energy resource
  3. Can predict the tides
  4. Infinite resource
43
Q

Disadvantages of wave and tidal power

A
  1. Cost of set up is high
  2. Generation is from short period at tide peaks
  3. Only works at ideal locations along the coast lines
  4. Can disrupt sea life
44
Q

Advantages of renewable energy

A
  1. Zero fuel costs
  2. Sustainable
  3. No pollution ( clean, green )
  4. Hydro can meet sudden demand of electricity
45
Q

How does tidal power work

A

Water from the high tide is trapped between a barrage and then is released through turbines, turning them which turns the generator to generate electricity

46
Q

How does wave power work

A

The wave generator uses wave motion to make a generator move up and down, this turns the generator to generate electricity which is transferred to the shore via a cable

47
Q

Advantages of tidal and wave power

A
  1. No pollution
  2. Free energy resource
  3. Can predict the tides
  4. Infinite resource
48
Q

Disadvantages of wave and tidal power

A
  1. Cost of set up is high
  2. Generation is from short period at tide peaks
  3. Only works at ideal locations along the coast lines
  4. Can disrupt sea life
49
Q

Advantages of renewable energy

A
  1. Zero fuel costs
  2. Sustainable
  3. No pollution ( clean, green )
  4. Hydro can meet sudden demand of electricity
50
Q

Disadvantages of hydroelectric power

A
  1. Very expensive to build
  2. Must operate for decades before profitable
  3. Flooding of large areas required
  4. People sometimes must leave their homes for land to be flooded
51
Q

How does tidal power work

A

Water from the high tide is trapped between a barrage and then is released through turbines, turning them which turns the generator to generate electricity

52
Q

How does wave power work

A

The wave generator uses wave motion to make a generator move up and down, this turns the generator to generate electricity which is transferred to the shore via a cable

53
Q

Advantages of tidal and wave power

A
  1. No pollution
  2. Free energy resource
  3. Can predict the tides
  4. Infinite resource
54
Q

Disadvantages of wave and tidal power

A
  1. Cost of set up is high
  2. Generation is from short period at tide peaks
  3. Only works at ideal locations along the coast lines
  4. Can disrupt sea life
55
Q

Advantages of renewable energy

A
  1. Zero fuel costs
  2. Sustainable
  3. No pollution ( clean, green )
  4. Hydro can meet sudden demand of electricity
56
Q

Carbon neutral

A

A biofuel from a living organism that takes in as much Co2 from the atmosphere as it releases when the fuel is burned

57
Q

🦼+🚶🏻‍♂️=

A

👨🏻‍🦼ZoooooooMM