Moments,levers And Gears

Question 1

A moment

Answer 1

A moment is the turning effect of a force. Moments act about a point in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction. The point chosen could be any point on the object, but the pivot - also known as the fulcrum - is usually chosen.

Question 2

The magnitude of a moment can be calculated using the equation:

Answer 2

moment of a force = force × distance

Question 3

Moments and balanced objects

Answer 3

If an object is balanced, the total clockwise moment about a pivot is equal to the total anticlockwise moment about that pivot.

Question 4

For a balanced object, you can calculate:

Answer 4

the size of a force, or

the perpendicular distance of a force from the pivot

Question 5

A lever consists of:

Answer 5

a pivot
an effort
a load

Question 6

different types of lever:

Answer 6

effort - pivot - load
pivot - load - effort
pivot - effort - load

Question 7

simple lever

Answer 7

As effort is applied to rotate one end about the pivot. The opposite end is also rotated about the pivot in the same direction. This has the effect of rotating or lifting the load.

Question 8

force multiplier

Answer 8

Something that increases the effect of a force.

Question 9

Rearrange 
M
=
F
d
 to find F:

Answer 9

F=m/d

Question 10

Gears

Answer 10

Gears are wheels with toothed edges that rotate on an axle or shaft.

Question 11

If a larger gear is driven by a smaller gear…

Answer 11

the large gear will rotate slowly but will have a greater moment.

Question 12

If a smaller gear is driven by a larger gear…

Answer 12

the larger gear will rotate quickly but will have a smaller moment.