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Physics > P2.2 - Newton’s Laws > Flashcards

P2.2 - Newton’s Laws Flashcards

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1
Q

Newton’s first law

A

A body will remain stationary or continue moving at a constant velocity unless an external force is applied to it

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2
Q

Newton’s second law

A

Force - mass x acceleration

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3
Q

Newton’s Third Law

A

Every action has an equal and opposite reactino

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4
Q

3 qualities of an interaction pair of forces

A

Each force acts on a different object
The forces are the same size and type
The forces act in opposite directions

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5
Q

Non -contact force

A

A force produced when objects are in a field. No contact is required for the force to act

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6
Q

Examples of non-contact force

A

Electrostatic
MAGNETISM
GRAVITY

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7
Q

What is a field

A

A region where an electrical charge, a magnetic material, or a mass experience a force

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8
Q

Which way to field arrows go

A

From north to south

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9
Q

Contact force

A

A force that only acts when objects are in contact

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10
Q

What does normal mean in physics

A

It means that the force acts at right angles (90 degrees) to the surface

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11
Q

Free body diagram

A

Shows the forces acting on a SINGLE object. (Arrows have to be proportional all the time)

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12
Q

Ways to word interaction pairs

A

‘The force of x only and the force of y on x’

E.g. interaction pair for gravity = the force of the human on Earth and the force of Earth on the human

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13
Q

What is resultant (net) force

A

The force when two or more forces are added together as vectors

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14
Q

how to calculate resultant force if the two angles are at different angle sot one another

A

Pythagorus’s Theorem - make a triangle

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15
Q

How to resolve a force

A

If you have one arrow with a value and one angle, use trigonometry to get the other parts. (Look at figure 6 on Page 65 if confused)

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16
Q

Does it require a resultant force to change the motion (speed or direction) of an object

A

Yes, stimmt

17
Q

Inertia

A

A measure of how difficult it is to change an object’s velocity

18
Q

If speed or direction doesn’t change (meaning they are both constant), what is the resultant force

A

0

19
Q

Equilibrium

A

When all forces acting on an object cancel out and the resultant force is 0

20
Q

3 things a resultant force can do:

A
  • change the speed of an object
  • change the direction of motion of an object
  • change both speed and direction of an object
21
Q

SI Unit of force

A

Newton’s, N

22
Q

SI Unit of Mass

A

kilograms, kg

23
Q

Terminal velocity

A

The velocity that a moving object achieves when the resultant force is 0 (forces are balanced)

24
Q

How to explain the motion of objects when forces are at an angle

A

Resolve the forces first (trigonometry) to get angles that occur at right angles

25
Q

How does a rocket accelerate upwards

A

The force exerted by the gases in the rocket is bigger than the force of the Earth in the rocket - upwards is the direction of the resultant force

26
Q

Momentum

A

Mass x velocity

27
Q

Is momentum a scalar or vector

A

Vector - take account of direcriob

28
Q

What is the law of conservation of momentum

A

In any interaction or collision, the momentum before = the momentum after

29
Q

Law of conservation of energy

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred between stores

30
Q

Elastic collision

A

Collision where KE is conserved

31
Q

Inelastic collision

A

Collision where KE is not conserved, instead some is dissipated as heat and sound. Or when the combined velocity of objects (after they stick together) is not the same as the orginal objects

32
Q

Work

A

The transfer of energy.

Commonly done against gravity or friction

33
Q

Equation for work

A

Force x distance

34
Q

SI Unit for work and Energy

A

Joules, J

35
Q

How is one J = 1Nm

A

Split Nm into two parts: N, and m

N = Newton’s =force (m x a)
Hence kgm/s^2

add on m at end (for extra m)

1kgm^2/s^2 = 1J

36
Q

Power

A

Rate of energy transfer

37
Q

4 power equation

A

P = E(work done)/t

P=V^2/R

P= I^2 x R

P = IV

Physics (20 decks)

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