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Physics > P2.1 - Motion > Flashcards

P2.1 - Motion Flashcards

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1
Q

Disadvantage of using a ruler to measure distance

A

It is difficult to measure very small or very large distances

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2
Q

Disadvantage of using a stopwatch to measure time

A

There is a reaction time involved with starting/stopping the timer which affects the accuracy and precision

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3
Q

What can be used to measure very short periods of time?

A

Light gate which automatically stops a timer when an object interrupts a light beam

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4
Q

What can be used to measure distance?

A

Ultrasound - measures the time taken for a pulse to travel there and back. It calculates distance using this time and speed of the pulse.

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5
Q

Uniform motion

A

Speed does not change

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6
Q

Non-uniform motion

A

Where speed does change

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7
Q

Equation s = d/t gives you the average time, how/why?

A

Because usually your speed is non-uniform. You cannot be moving at 10 m/s constantly hence it is average

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8
Q

SI Unit for distance

A

Metres, m

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9
Q

SI Unit for time

A

seconds, s

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10
Q

SI Unit for speed/velocity

A

metres per ssecond, m/s

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11
Q

How to convert from 1cm3 to m3

A

(1x1x1) = (100x100x100)

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12
Q

How many metres in a mile?

A

1609 metres

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13
Q

How many seconds in an hour?

A

3600 seconds (60x60)

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14
Q

Vector

A

Gives magnitude and direction - these are represented by arrows, with a given size

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15
Q

Scalar

A

Shows only magnitude

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16
Q

Distance

A

Length of the path that is actually taken (this is a scalar)

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17
Q

Displacement

A

The shortest distance between two points (this is a vector)

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18
Q

Why are vectors more useful?

A

They provide more accurate information about what a body is doing

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19
Q

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

A

Speed is a scalar quantity (it only gives magnitude), whereas velocity is a vector quantity (it gives both magnitude and direction)

20
Q

How to add vector quantities?

A
  • if they go opposite directions, CANCEL OUT

- if they go same direction, ADD

21
Q

Acceleration

A

Rate of change of velocity

22
Q

SI unit for acceleration

A

m/s^2

23
Q

Is acceleration a vector?

A

Yes. - negative acceleration is known as deceleration

24
Q

Equation for acceleration

A

a = v-u/t (final v -initial v over time)

25
Q

What is acceleration due to gravity

A

10m/s^2

26
Q

If there is a change in direction, is that a change in acceleration

A

Yes since it is a vector

27
Q

What does a distance time graph show?

A

Shows how the distance of an object changes with time (Time on x axis and distance on y)

28
Q

What is the gradient of a distance time graph?

A

Speed/velocity (due to the equation)

29
Q

Steep gradient on distance time graph

A

The body is moving fast.

30
Q

On a distance time graph, the slope can never go down

A

True

31
Q

Straight line on d.t graph

A

Constant speed, no acceleration

32
Q

Horizontal line on d,t graph

A

Body not movin, stationary

33
Q

Displacement time graph

A

The same as distance time, but considers direction.

THE GRADIENT CAN BE NEGATIVE FOR THIS

34
Q

Gradient on displacement time graph

A

Give velocity NOT SPEED

35
Q

Velocity time graph shows…

A

How the velocity of a body changes over time

36
Q

Gradient on a velocity time graph

A

Acceleration

37
Q

Horizontal line on v.t graph

A

Constant speed, 0 acceleration

38
Q

Straight diagonal line on v.t graph

A

Constant acceleration (the steeper the line, the faster the body is accelerating)

39
Q

Line going up then sloping flat (gradient becomes shallow) on a velocity time graph

A

Decreasing acceleration

40
Q

Line going up and becoming steeper on v.t graph

A

Increasing acceleration

41
Q

Area under a velocity time graph

A

Displacement

42
Q

Equation of motion

A

v^2 -u^2 = 2as

43
Q

Kinetic energy equation

A

KE = 1/2 (m)(v)^2

44
Q

Area under a speed time graph

A

Distance

45
Q

Kinetic energy

A

The energy of a body owning to its velocity

46
Q

What happens to KE if the mass doubles/halves?

A

If mass doubles:
KE doubles

If mass halves:
KE halves

47
Q

What happens to KE if velocity doubles /halves:

A

If it doubles:
(2v)^2 = 4
KE will multiply by 4

If it halves:
(v/2)^2= v/4
KE will divide by 4

Physics (20 decks)

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