P2. Topic 5- Forces 🥈 Flashcards
What is a Vector? Give Examples
A quantity with magnitude and direction. Force , velocity, displacement, acceleration
What is a Scalar? Give examples.
A quantity with only magnitude, eg, speed, distance, mass, temperature or time
Examples of contact forces
friction, air resistance, tension, normal contact force
Examples of non-contact forces
magnetic force, gravitational force, electrostatic force
What is mass and weight?
Mass is the amount of stuff in an object, not influenced by gravity, while weight is the force acting on an object due to gravity
what is work done?
the energy transferred, or the amount of force used over a distance
When is an object in equilibrium?
when all the forces acting on it are balanced
When has an object been elastically deformed?
An object has been elastically deformed if it can go back to its original shape and length after the force has been removed
When has an object been inelastically deformed?
if it cannot do back to its original shape and length after the force has been removed
What is the equation for spring extension?
F = ke
What is the limit of proportionality?
the point where an object will no longer extend proportionally
What is the equation for elastic potential energy?
elastic potential energy (J) = 1/2 x spring constant (N/m) x extension^2 (m)
What is a moment?
The turning effect of a force
What do levers do?
increase the distance from the pivot at which the force is applied, meaning less force is needed for the same moment
When does an object float?
when the up thrust is equal to the weight of fluid that has been displaced
What is the atmosphere?
the layer of air that surrounds the earth
