P2 SECTION C: RESOURCE MANAGEMENT- MELELA

Question 1

MELELA: BACKGROUND

Answer 1

• Tanzania = LIC
• 9/10 live on less than $3 a day
• Hot country: 2800-3500 hours of sunshine per year
• Ideal for renewable- especially solar
• Most, especially in rural south and west, cannot afford electricity

Question 2

MELELA: PROJECT OVERVIEW

Answer 2

• Village- 100 miles SE of capital Dodoma
• Used to rely on kerosene oil to power homes- bad for health and air
• Isn’t connected to national grid (85% of ppl lack affordable electricity)
• Solar mini grid installed in 2013: photovoltaic (PV) panels fed into small grid
• Owned by Devergy- locals pay for what they use

Question 3

MELELA: SOCIAL IMPACTS

Answer 3

• 200 households connected to grid (enough for lamps, chargers and TV)
• Students do HWK at home- boosts literacy rate
• Less kerosene- better health
• Less bio fuels- more land available for food
• Example of appropriate technology

Question 4

MELELA: ECONOMIC IMPACTS

Answer 4

• Local shops + services brought into scheme
• Businesses stay open for longer- greater levels of employment
• Energy costs reduced- more disposable income

Question 5

MELELA: EVALUATION

Answer 5

• Bottom-up: controlled by locals to help area (appropriate technology)
• Some villagers cannot afford: low GNI per head
• Power cuts occur because those who afford it given more than required
• PV panels dependent on climate: decrease during rains- knock on impacts on Melela