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Physics > P2: Forces > Flashcards

P2: Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a disadvantage of using a stopwatch?

A

When you use a stopwatch, there is a reaction time that affects the accuracy and precision of your measurment

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2
Q

What is a good device to use for very short periods of time measurments?

A

Light gates - a timer starts and stops when an object iterrupts a light beam

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3
Q

What else can you use to measre distance?

A

Ultrasound: High-frequency sound waves

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4
Q

Distance travelled formula

A

Distance travelled (m) = speed (m/s) x time (s)

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5
Q

Average speed formula

A

Average speed (m/s) = total distance (m) / total time (s)

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6
Q

How many metres are in a mile?

A

1609

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7
Q

How many seconds in an hour?

A

3600

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8
Q

Define a vector

A

Includes quanities and has magnitude (size of arrow) and direction (direction of arrow)

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9
Q

Define scalar

A

Has a magnitude but no direction

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10
Q

Displacement formula

A

End point - starting point

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11
Q

Example of a scalar quanitity?

A

Speed: 15m/s, measurment of speed, no direction

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12
Q

Example of velocity quanitity?

A

Velocity, 15m/s south, includes magnitude and direction

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13
Q

—-+20m/s-—> + —-+20m/s-—> = ?

A

———+40m/s———>

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14
Q

—-+20m/s-—> + <—-+20m/s-— = ?

A

0

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15
Q

Define acceleration

A

The change in velocity per second

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16
Q

Define uniform acceleration

A

Acceleration does not change

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17
Q

Don’t say deceleration, what should I say then?

A

Negative acceleration

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18
Q

What does a graph of distance against time tell you?

A

The speed of an object: the gradient/slope

19
Q

What do velocity time graphs indicate?

A

Slope of the graph represents acceleration or negative acceleration. Under the graph represents displacement

20
Q

What is Newtons Third Law?

A

“For every action there is an equal and opposite action”

21
Q

Examples of non-contact forces

A
  • electrostatics
  • magnetism
  • gravity
22
Q

What are contact forces?

A

Solid surfaces can exert a force on objects that exerts a force on them

23
Q

What is a free body diagram?

A

A free body diagram is a diagram that shows the forces acting on a single object

24
Q

Draw a free body diagram of a book on a table

A

PAGE 64 OF TEXTBOOK, FIGURE 2, PICTURE 2

25
Q

5N<——O——>5N: resultant force?

A

0

26
Q

3N<-—O——>5N: resultant force?

A

—>2N

27
Q

What is Newtons First Law?

A

“An object will continue to stay at rest or move with uniform velocity unless a force acts on it”

28
Q

What is the inertia of an object?

A

The inertia of an object is a measure of how difficult it is to change velocity

29
Q

What force stops things moving which we often forget about?

A

Friction

30
Q

The resultant forces i zero, so the motion does not change. What is this called?

A

Both objects are in equilibrium

31
Q

What is Newtons Second Law?

A

“Acceleration that the resultant force produces on an object depends on:
- size of resultant force
- inertia of object”

32
Q

A resultant force can…

A

Change both the speed and direction of motion of an object

33
Q

I am skydiving. The force of the air on me equals the force of the Earth around me and my motion no longer changes. What is this called?

A

Terminal velocity

34
Q

How do you explain the motion of objects when the forces are at an angle?

A

If you are sitting on a hill there is a force of friction acting on you that is along the line of the hill, and a normal contact force.

35
Q

Define momentum

A

Quanitity of motion exactly to resist changes in objects

36
Q

Define elastic collision

A

In an elastic collision, no energy is transferred to other stores.

37
Q

Define inelastic collision

A

In an inelastic collision, some energy is transferred to other stores

38
Q

What quantities does momentum depend on?

A
  • mass
  • velocity
39
Q

What does power tell you

A

Power tells you the rate at which energy is transferred

40
Q

Some materials stretch but do not return to their original shape, what is this known as?

A

They are ‘plastic’

41
Q

Some materials do return to their original shape when you remove forces, what is this known as?

A

They are known as ‘elastic’

42
Q

Work done is also known as…

A

Energy transferred

43
Q

What is a gravitational field?

A

A gravitational field is a region where a mass experiences an attractive force

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