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GCSE AQA Physics paper 1 > P2 Electricity > Flashcards

P2 Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is electricity?

A

The flow of charge of electrons.

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2
Q

How does current flow?

A

Positive to negative.

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3
Q

What is the unit for charge?

A

Coulombs (C).

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4
Q

What is potential difference?

A

The measure of how much energy is transferred to/by each Coulomb of charge.

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5
Q

What is the unit for PD?

A

Volt (V).

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6
Q

How are voltmeters placed in a circuit?

A

In parallel.

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7
Q

How are ammeters placed in a circuit?

A

In series.

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8
Q

What is current?

A

The rate of flow of charge.

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9
Q

What is the units for current?

A

Amps/Amperes (A).

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10
Q

What is resistance?

A

The measure of how much a component/object resists the flow of current.

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11
Q

What are the units of resistance?

A

Ohms.

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12
Q

What is the relationship between Current and PD with fixed resistors?

A

Directly proportional.

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13
Q

What is the relationship between current and pd with a filament lamp?

A

larger current = increased resistance.

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14
Q

What is the relationship between current and pd with a diode?

A

current flows in one direction. Low resistance in forward direction, high resistance in reverse direction.

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15
Q

Characteristics for series circuits.

A

Total PD is shared between all components
current is the same for all components
total resistance = sum of resistances.

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16
Q

Characteristics for parallel circuits.

A

PD for each branch = PD of cell/battery
current is split between branches
adding more resistors in parallel reduces total resistance.

17
Q

What is a thermistor?

A

A thermistor can detect changes in temperature. If the temp increases, the resistance of the thermistor decreases.

18
Q

What is a light dependent resistor?

A

An LDR can detect changes in light. If light intensity increases, resistance decreases.

19
Q

What is DC?

A

Direct current. Current that only flows in one direction.

20
Q

What is AC?

A

Alternating current. Current that flows in both directions.

21
Q

What is the UK mains voltage?

A

230V

22
Q

Which wire is the brown wire?

A

The live wire.

23
Q

Which wire is the blue wire?

A

The neutral wire.

24
Q

What is the yellow and green wire?

A

The earth wire - safety feature.

25
Q

What is a fuse?

A

A thin metal wire in a tube that is designed to melt or ‘blow’ if there is a fault that causes a high current. They are usually 3A, 5A or 13A.

26
Q

What is the national grid?

A

A mixture of power stations, cables and more which transmit power across a country.

27
Q

What is a step-up transformer?

A

Increases the voltage to around 132kV, which decreases the current, reducing the power lost due to heating the cables.

28
Q

What is a step-down transformer?

A

Reduces the voltage down to a safer and usable 230V for homes and businesses.

GCSE AQA Physics paper 1 (4 decks)

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