P2: Approaches Flashcards
What is operant conditioning?
A process where behavior is influenced by its consequences
Key figure: B.F. Skinner
Who proposed the theory of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
What happens to behaviors followed by reinforcement?
They are likely to be repeated
What is the effect of punishment on behavior?
Decreases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated
What are the two types of reinforcement?
- Positive reinforcement
- Negative reinforcement
What are the two types of punishment?
- Positive punishment
- Negative punishment
Define positive reinforcement
Providing a reward
Define negative reinforcement
Removing an unpleasant stimulus
Define positive punishment
Adding an unpleasant stimulus
Define negative punishment
Removing a pleasant stimulus
What is social learning theory?
A theory that emphasizes learning through observation and imitation
Proposed by Albert Bandura
What are the four processes involved in social learning?
- Attention
- Retention
- Reproduction
- Motivation
How does social learning differ from operant conditioning?
Social learning emphasizes observing others rather than direct consequences
True or False: Operant conditioning focuses on learning through observation.
False
Fill in the blank: Operant conditioning emphasizes the role of direct _______.
[consequences]
What does social learning suggest about acquiring new behaviors?
People can learn without direct reinforcement or punishment
In operant conditioning, what are behaviors followed by punishment likely to do?
Be less likely to be repeated
What influences the likelihood of behavior repetition in operant conditioning?
The consequences of the behavior
What is the main focus of operant conditioning?
Direct consequences of a person’s own behavior
True or False: Social learning theory relies solely on reinforcement.
False
