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GCSE Physics > P19 Space > Flashcards

P19 Space Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the main objects in our Solar System?

A

The Sun
8 Planets
Dwarf planets
Moons
Asteroids
Comets

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2
Q

What kind of object is the Sun?

A

Yellow dwarf star

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3
Q

Which galaxy is our Solar System?

A

Milky Way

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4
Q

What do all stars start off as?

A

A huge cloud of gas and dust
- A Nebula

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5
Q

Which force is responsible for forming a protostar from a nebula?

A

Gravity

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6
Q

What kind of reaction causes the expansion of a star?

A

Nuclear fusion

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7
Q

How does a main sequence star stay stable?

A

Fusion reactions produce outwards forces which balance the gravitational forced pulling it inwards

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8
Q

What determines the life cycle of a star?

A

Mass

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9
Q

What is the life cycle of a star? (Which has about the same mass as the Sun)

A

Protostar –> Main sequence star –> Red Giant –> White Dwarf –> Black Dwarf

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10
Q

What is the life cycle of a star? (Which has much more mass than the Sun)

A

Protostar –> Main Sequence Star –> Red Supergiant –> Supernova –> Neutron Star or Black Hole

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11
Q

How are naturally occurring elements formed?

A

From nuclear fusion during the life cycle of stars

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12
Q

Which elements are only produced in a supernova?

A

Elements heavier than iron

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13
Q

How are elements distributed throughout the universe?

A

Massive stars going supernova (Exploding)

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14
Q

How does the force of gravity make objects in orbit change their velocity but not their speed?

A

Gravity provides a centripetal force which keeps orbiting objects moving in a circle.

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15
Q

To change the speed of an object in a stable orbit what factor must change?

A

Radius of the orbit

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16
Q

What is red-shift?

A

Wavelengths of light get longer if the light source is moving away from us.

17
Q

What evidence suggests that the universe is expanding?

A

Light from more distant galaxies is more red- shifted.

So more distant galaxies are moving away faster.

18
Q

What does the Big Bang Theory suggest?

A

That the universe started off as an extremely small, hot and dense object that exploded

GCSE Physics (19 decks)

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