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Physics: P1 > P1.4 Methods we use to generate electricity > Flashcards

P1.4 Methods we use to generate electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

We burn fuels to…

A

Heat the water

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2
Q

The water turns into…

A

Steam

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3
Q

The steam then…

A

Turns the turbine

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4
Q

The turbine then powers the…

A

Generator

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5
Q

The generator creates…

A

Electricity

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6
Q

The electricity travels to the…

A

Transformer

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7
Q

At the transformer the voltage is…

A

Stepped up

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8
Q

The electricity then travels down the…

A

Electrical lines

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9
Q

The electricity then gets…

A

Stepped down by another transformer

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10
Q

The electricity then…

A

Enters the home

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11
Q

What are the non renewable energy resources?

A

Coal, Oil, Natural Gas and Nuclear fuels (uranium and plutonium)

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12
Q

What are the renewable energy resources?

A

Wind, Waves, Tides, Hydroelectric, Solar, Geothermal, Food, Biofuels

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13
Q

What is a disadvantage of renewable energy?

A

It doesn’t produce as much energy as the others do and they are often unreliable

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14
Q

What energy sources are used in power stations?

A

Fossil fuels, uranium, plutonium an biofuels

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15
Q

What sources are unreliable?

A

Wind, solar, tidal and geothermal

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16
Q

What causes global warming?

A

Fossil fuels and biomass

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17
Q

What causes acid rain?

A

Fossil fuels

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18
Q

What is not renewable?

A

Fossil fuels and nuclear-fuel

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19
Q

Which energy sources are free?

A

Wind, tidal, solar, geothermal, hydroelectric and biomass

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20
Q

What does Nuclear power stations require?

A

High decommissioning costs

21
Q

What is the decommissioning of nuclear power stations?

A

The dismantling of the power station and removal of the waste

22
Q

What is hydroelectric energy good for?

A

Sudden electricity demand

23
Q

What can wind and tidal drive directly?

A

Turbines

24
Q

Where do solar panels draw energy from?

A

The sun

25
Q

Advantages of wind power

A

No pollution, no fuel costs, low running costs

26
Q

Disadvantages of wind power

A

Eyesore, noise pollution, unreliable, depend on the weather, high initial costs

27
Q

Advantages of Solar power

A

No pollution, reliable in sunny countries, energy is free, no running costs

28
Q

Disadvantages of Solar power

A

High initial costs

29
Q

Advantages of hydroelectric power

A

Immediate response, reliable, no fuel, low running costs

30
Q

Disadvantages of hydroelectric power

A

Damage to the environment, eyesore, loss of habitat, high initial costs

31
Q

Advantages of wave power

A

No pollution, no fuel costs, minimal running costs

32
Q

Disadvantages of wave power

A

Eyesore, hazard to boats, high initial costs

33
Q

Advantages of tidal power

A

No pollution, reliable, excellent for storing energy, no fuel costs, minimal running costs

34
Q

Disadvantages of tidal power

A

Prevent boat access, eyesore, destroying habitats, high initial costs

35
Q

Advantages of geothermal energy

A

Free energy, no environmental problems

36
Q

Disadvantages of geothermal energy

A

Aren’t many suitable locations, cost outweighs profit, not much energy out of it

37
Q

What are some energy sources useful for, e.g. hydroelectric and solar?

A

Remote areas

38
Q

What substances do fossil fuels release?

A

Carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide

39
Q

What waste materials can be produced?

A

Oil spillages, Nuclear waste

40
Q

What are problems with many renewable and some non renewable energy sources?

A

High noise and visual pollution

41
Q

What happens to many habitats in the construction of energy plants?

A

They are destroyed

42
Q

What is carbon-capture?

A

Collecting the CO2 before it is released from the power stations and pumping it into empty gas fields and oil fields such as those under the north sea. It can be safely stored without adding to the greenhouse effect

43
Q

Where is electricity distributed via?

A

The national grid

44
Q

What is the problem with a high current?

A

Lots of energy lost through heat in the cables

45
Q

How is loss of energy through the cables prevented?

A

Increasing the voltage

46
Q

What are the main parts of the national grid?

A

The power stations, transformers and pylons

47
Q

What are transformers?

A

They step the voltage up at one end, for efficient transmission, and then bring it back down to safe, usable levels at the other end before entering homes

48
Q

What happens at a step-up transformer?

A

The voltage is increased

49
Q

What happens at a step-down transformer?

A

The voltage is decreased

Physics: P1 (5 decks)

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