P12 (Wave Properties) Flashcards
1
Q
When a wave travells
A
- Particles of the medium oscillate and transfers energy between them
- particles remain in same position, only energy moves
2
Q
5 parts of a transverse wave
A
- amplitude (max displacement from midline)
- wavelength (distance between two adjacent waves)
- trough
- crest
- undisturbed position
3
Q
Freqency
A
Number of complete waves that pass through a certain point per second
4
Q
Period(s) =
A
1 / Frequency(Hz)
5
Q
Difference between Transverse and Longitudinal Wave
A
- transverse oscillations are perpendicular to direction of travel of energy (eg. Em and ripple waves)
- longitudinal waves the oscillations are parallel to the direction of travel of energy (eg. Sound waves, shock waves)
6
Q
3 parts to the longitudinal waves
A
- compression
- rarefaction
- wavelength
7
Q
Wave Speed(m/s) =
A
Frequency(Hz) x Wavelength(m)
8
Q
3 ways Waves transfer
A
- absorbed by a material
- transmitted as the waves carry through
- reflected
9
Q
Angle of incidence=
A
Angle of reflection
10
Q
Normal
A
- imaginary line thats perpendicular to the surface in reflection
- creates angles with the incidence and reflection ray
11
Q
2 ways waves are reflected
A
- specular when the wave reflected in a single direction on a smooth surface
- diffuse is when it’s reflected on a rough surface and the angle of reflection scattered across different directions
12
Q
How Sound Waves travel
A
- reflection or refraction
- vibrations through objects
- faster in solids
- not in space as vacuum
13
Q
How your head sound + hearing range
A
- ear drum vibrates
- tiny bones turns vibrations into electrical impulses
- 20Hz to 20 kHz
14
Q
Ultrasound
A
These are mechanically electrical oscillations over the range of human hearing
15
Q
How ultrasound travels through 2 mediums
A
- incoming ultrasounds hits surface
- some is reflected back
- some is refracted through the 2nd medium
16
Q
Uses of Ultrasound
A
- medical imaging uses as pass through body and can detect as reflected back (babies)
- industrial imaging to find flaws in materials like cracks reflect sooner
17
Q
Echo Sounding
A
- high frequency sound waves
- boats uses it to find depth of water
18
Q
Earthquakes
A
This is when a seismic wave travels through the earth
19
Q
P-waves
A
- longitudinal
- through solid and liquids
- faster than s
20
Q
S-waves
A
- transverse waves
- can’t travel through liquid or gases
- slower than p waves
