P12 (Wave Properties) Flashcards

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1
Q

When a wave travells

A
  • Particles of the medium oscillate and transfers energy between them
  • particles remain in same position, only energy moves
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2
Q

5 parts of a transverse wave

A
  • amplitude (max displacement from midline)
  • wavelength (distance between two adjacent waves)
  • trough
  • crest
  • undisturbed position
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3
Q

Freqency

A

Number of complete waves that pass through a certain point per second

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4
Q

Period(s) =

A

1 / Frequency(Hz)

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5
Q

Difference between Transverse and Longitudinal Wave

A
  • transverse oscillations are perpendicular to direction of travel of energy (eg. Em and ripple waves)
  • longitudinal waves the oscillations are parallel to the direction of travel of energy (eg. Sound waves, shock waves)
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6
Q

3 parts to the longitudinal waves

A
  • compression
  • rarefaction
  • wavelength
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7
Q

Wave Speed(m/s) =

A

Frequency(Hz) x Wavelength(m)

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8
Q

3 ways Waves transfer

A
  • absorbed by a material
  • transmitted as the waves carry through
  • reflected
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9
Q

Angle of incidence=

A

Angle of reflection

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10
Q

Normal

A
  • imaginary line thats perpendicular to the surface in reflection
  • creates angles with the incidence and reflection ray
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11
Q

2 ways waves are reflected

A
  • specular when the wave reflected in a single direction on a smooth surface
  • diffuse is when it’s reflected on a rough surface and the angle of reflection scattered across different directions
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12
Q

How Sound Waves travel

A
  • reflection or refraction
  • vibrations through objects
  • faster in solids
  • not in space as vacuum
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13
Q

How your head sound + hearing range

A
  • ear drum vibrates
  • tiny bones turns vibrations into electrical impulses
  • 20Hz to 20 kHz
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14
Q

Ultrasound

A

These are mechanically electrical oscillations over the range of human hearing

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15
Q

How ultrasound travels through 2 mediums

A
  • incoming ultrasounds hits surface
  • some is reflected back
  • some is refracted through the 2nd medium
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16
Q

Uses of Ultrasound

A
  • medical imaging uses as pass through body and can detect as reflected back (babies)
  • industrial imaging to find flaws in materials like cracks reflect sooner
17
Q

Echo Sounding

A
  • high frequency sound waves

- boats uses it to find depth of water

18
Q

Earthquakes

A

This is when a seismic wave travels through the earth

19
Q

P-waves

A
  • longitudinal
  • through solid and liquids
  • faster than s
20
Q

S-waves

A
  • transverse waves
  • can’t travel through liquid or gases
  • slower than p waves