P10- Forces and motion 🚙 Flashcards

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1
Q

RECAP: What is Newton’s first law [of motion] ? 🍏

Hint: zero resultant force= object

A
  • Newton’s first law is:
  • if the resultant force acting on a stationary object is zero, them the object will remain stationary
  • ; if the resultant force acting on a moving object is zero, then the object will continue moving in the same direction, at the same speed [with the same velocity]
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2
Q

What is Newton’s second law of motion? 🍏

Hint: F= ma

A
  • Newton’s second law of motion states:
  • the acceleration of an object is proportional, to the resultant force acting on the object.
  • ; the acceleration acting on the object is inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
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3
Q

What does it mean that the acceleration of an object, is proportional to the resultant force acting on an object ?

Hint: greater

A
  • the acceleration of an object, being proportional to the resultant force acting on an object means:
  • if both objects experience a resultant force, the object with a greater force will have a greater acceleration
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4
Q

What does it mean that the acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of an object ?

Hint: larger

A
  • if the mass is larger, the object with a larger mass will have a smaller acceleration.
  • this is because the acceleration, is inversely proportional to the mass of the object
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5
Q
  • Fill in the gaps: cars travel at __m/s on a main road in the UK
  • ; however, cars typically travel at __m/s on a motorway
A
  • cars travel at 13m/s on a main road in the UK
  • ; however, cars typically travel at 30m/s on a motorway
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6
Q
  • Fill in the gaps: to accelerate from a main road to a motorway, it typically involves an acceleration of _m/s.
  • but for a typical family car, this would require a force of _____ N
A
  • to accelerate from a main road to a motorway, it typically involves an acceleration of 2m/s
  • but for a typical family car, this would require a force of 2000 N
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7
Q

What is the definition of ‘inertia’ ?

Hint: uniform

A
  • inertia is the tendency of an object to stay at rest, or to continue in uniform motion.
  • this means, objects will stay still or keep the same motion unless, you apply a resultant force
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8
Q

What is the definition of the term ‘inertial mass’ ?

Hint: velocity

A
  • inertial mass, is the ratio of the force needed to accelerate an object, over the acceleration produced.
  • this simply means, inertial mass is a measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object
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9
Q

What does inertial mass mean ?

Hint: measure

A
  • inertial mass, is a measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object
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10
Q
  • Fill in the gaps: inertial mass, simply means a ______ of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object
  • an object with a _____ inertial mass, will require a larger force to produce a given ____________ than an object with a smaller inertial mass.
A
  • inertial mass, simply means a measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object
  • an object with a large inertial mass, will require a larger force to produce a given acceleration, than an object with a smaller inertial mass.
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11
Q

RECAP: What is Newton’s third law of motion ? 🍏

Hint: exert

A
  • newton’s third law of motion is:
  • whenever two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite.
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12
Q

What’s an example, of Newton’s third law of motion ?

Hint: reverse

A
  • when a car is driving, the wheel exerts a force in the reverse direction on the road.
  • ; at the same time, the road exerts a force in the forward direction on the wheel.
  • these two forces are equal in magnitude, but opposite in direction.
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13
Q

What is terminal velocity ?

Hint: steady

A
  • terminal velocity, is when an object moves at a steady speed, in a constant direction.
  • this is because, the resultant force acting on it is zero.
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14
Q

What does terminal velocity apply to ?

A
  • terminal velocity, also applies to any object falling through a fluid [e.g- water or air]
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15
Q

What happens when a skydiver falls 🪂 ?

Hint: upwards force, balance- why?, terminal velocity

A
  • as a skydiver falls, they experience air resistance with the air particles
  • and after some time, the force of air resistance will balance the force, due to gravity.
  • the object will then stop accelerating at this point, and it will move at a terminal velocity
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16
Q
  • Fill in the gaps: the ________ velocity an object reaches, will depend on the object.
  • For example, some objects may experience a _______ force of friction because of their shape.
  • This means they’ll have a lower _________ velocity.
A
  • the terminal velocity an object reaches, will depend on the object.
  • For example, some objects may experience a greater force of friction because of their shape.
  • This means they’ll have a lower terminal velocity.
17
Q

What is mass ?

A
  • mass, is the quantity of matter in an object
  • ; it can also be known as, a measure of the difficulty of changing the motion of an object
18
Q

What is the unit of mass ?

A
  • the unit of mass is the kilogram [kg]- this is the standard unit for mass, and therefore it is never converted
19
Q
  • Fill in the gaps: the mass of an object, doesn’t ______ on where the object is unlike weight.
A
  • the mass of an object, doesn’t depend on where the object is unlike weight.
20
Q

RECAP: What is weight ?

Hint: due to

A
  • weight, is the force acting on an object due to gravity.
  • and the unit of weight, is the newton (N)
21
Q
  • Fill in the gap: unlike mass, ______ does depend on where it is.
  • and the ______ of an object, is directly proportional to the mass of an object.
  • this means if the weight is doubled, so is the mass
A
  • unlike mass, weight does depend on where it is.
  • and the weight of an object, is directly proportional to the mass of an object.
  • this means if the weight is doubled, so is the mass
22
Q

RECAP: What is gravational field strength ?

Hint: in a particular

A
  • gravitational field strength, is a measure of the force of gravity, in a particular location.
  • ; the gravitational field strength, depends on where you are.