P1: Youth subcultures Flashcards
what is the marxists view on youth subculture:
lower groups tend to form groups like anti-school subcultures as they don’t have the motivation or opportunities that people in higher classes have. they are “materially deprived”. this makes them want to get back at society for putting them in that position.
what is the marxists view on youth subculture:
lower groups tend to form groups like anti-school subcultures as they don’t have the motivation or opportunities that people in higher classes have. they are “materially deprived”. this makes them want to get back at society for putting them in that position.
Spectacular Subcultures: Teddy Boys
came about in the 1950’s.
- Edwardian style, suede shoes, bootlace ties.
- they hadn’t done well in school and were know to have “dead-end furtures “
Skinheads:
-exaggerated WC masculine identities.
-macho and aggressive behaviours and often racist.
-big boots, braces and rolled up jeans
-felt their WC identity was under threat.
Mods:
-resisted against middle class identity
-influenced by soul , R&B, jazz
-wore fishtail parkers, suits and Fred Perry polos
-usually WC but more affluent
Drove vespas
Rockers:
- leather jackets, jeans and boots
-came about in 1960’s
-rode around on motorbikes
-often referred to as biker culture
-unskilled manual labourers.
Punks:
- resisted against mainstream media and fashion industries.
-wore ripped clothes, bin liners as tops
what is the functionalist view on youth subcultures:
see youth as a transitional stage between childhood and adulthood.
-says youth is a stage where individuals become dependent from their parents, getting part time jobs, spending more time away from their family.
-Parsons sees youth as a rite of passage.
what does functionalists Einstadt say about youth culture:
saw youth as a way of bringing young people into society.
-youth can provide a safe outlet for tensions that childhood to adulthood brings
-a stage of “letting off steam”
-period of rebellion
what does functionalists Einstadt say about youth culture:
saw youth as a way of bringing young people into society.
-youth can provide a safe outlet for tensions that childhood to adulthood brings
-a stage of “letting off steam”
-period of rebellion
Femisnistis explanations for youth subcultures:
argue the role of girls in subcultures has been ignored by other theorists.
what do McRobbie and Garner say about youth subcultures:
argued girls were absent rom most research on youth subcultures.
- says girls were often represented as passive girlfriends of male subcultures
-agrued that girls form friendship groups that are often close-knit.
what do postmodernists say about youth:
idea that gender is less significant, and feminist views are less relevant.
what do McRobbie and Garner say about youth subcultures:
argued girls were absent rom most research on youth subcultures.
- says girls were often represented as passive girlfriends of male subcultures
-argued that girls form friendship groups that are often close-knit.
what do McRobbie and Garner say about youth subcultures:
argued girls were absent rom most research on youth subcultures.
- says girls were often represented as passive girlfriends of male subcultures
-argued that girls form friendship groups that are often close-knit.
what does Functionalist Merton say about deviant subcultures:
individuals may experience a strain between the goals society strives for and what they can actually achieve.
criticism of Mertons theory:
he doesn’t consider this as a shared response to youth, but It can help to explain some youth deviance
what is functionalist Cohens theory on youth deviance:
teenage boys desires status, which means respect in the eyes of their peers. “status frustrations” - Wc boys who cling onto the idea of doing well in school, having a good job and qualifications see themselves as inferior compared to middle class boys who are academically successful.
what is functionalist Cloward and Ohlin’s view on youth deviance:
talks about blocked opportunities, not everyone has the opportunities to achieve things through illegal means or legal means.
what is functionalist Cloward and Ohlin’s view on youth deviance:
talks about blocked opportunities, not everyone has the opportunities to achieve things through illegal means or legal means.
what is a criminal subculture: (Cloward and Ohlin)
develop in slum areas where there is a hierarchy of criminal opportunity
what is a conflict subculture: (Cloward and Ohlin)
formed in unstable areas where people moving in and out is high. there is no access to a hierarchy of criminal opportunity so youth turn to violence and form gangs to defend their area.
what are retreatist subcultures: (Cloward and Ohlin)
formed by youths who fail to achieve in legitimate or illegitimate terms and are unable to access success through mainstream values or through join gin a criminal or conflict subculture.
what are retreatist subcultures: (Cloward and Ohlin)
formed by youths who fail to achieve in legitimate or illegitimate terms and are unable to access success through mainstream values or through join gin a criminal or conflict subculture.
what does functionalists Miller say about youth deviance:
“focal concerns”
- young wc boys share focal concerns e.g being in trouble being tough and macho and being streetwise.
-they value freedom and excitement.
