(P1) Topic 4- Waves

Question 1

Where is the angle of incidence

Answer 1

Between the incident ray and the normal

Question 2

Where is the angle of refraction

Answer 2

Between the normal and the refracted ray

Question 3

Sound speeds up when it goes from air to wood. The frequency _______ and the wavelength _______

Answer 3

Stays the same, increases

Question 4

Sound slows down when it goes from wood to air. T he frequency _____ and the wavelength ______

Answer 4

Stays the same, decreases

Question 5

What do filters absorb

Answer 5

The colour they are not e.g blue absorbs all except blue

Question 6

Why are things colours you see

Answer 6

They absorb all the other colours and reflect the one you see

Question 7

What is refraction dependant upon

Answer 7

Wave length

Question 8

What colours do objects reflect

Answer 8

The colours they contain e.g red object + green filter = black because green has no red light, to the red object can’t reflect

Question 9

White objects _____ all colours

Answer 9

Reflect

Question 10

Black objects ____ all colours

Answer 10

Absorb

Question 11

What does the pinna do

Answer 11

Funnels sound waves into the ear canal

Question 12

Where is the pinna

Answer 12

The outside top bit of the ear

Question 13

What causes the ear drum to vibrate

Answer 13

Sound waves

Question 14

Where is the ear drum

Answer 14

At the end of the ear canal

Question 15

What do the vibrations of the ear drum cause

Answer 15

The ossicles to move

Question 16

What do the movements of the staples cause

Answer 16

Wave-like movements in the fluid inside the cochlear

Question 17

What do the wave-like movements in the cochlear stimulate

Answer 17

Hairs inside the cochlear, which respond to differences in frequency and pitch

Question 18

What do the hair cells in the cochlear generate

Answer 18

Nerve impulses which are transferred to the auditory nerve

Question 19

Where does the nerve impulse go from the auditory nerve

Answer 19

The auditory cortex

Question 20

What does the auditory cortex do

Answer 20

Converts nerve impulses into sound

Question 21

What is frequency

Answer 21

Sound at a different pitch

Question 22

From what frequencies can humans hear

Answer 22

20-20,000Hz

Question 23

What is Hertz a measurement of

Answer 23

How often something vibrates

Question 24

What kind of waves are earthquakes

Answer 24

Seismic waves

Question 25

What are the characteristics of P waves (primary waves)

Answer 25

Faster than S waves, compressional waves, back and forth, first to arrive after an earthquake, longitudinal

Question 26

What are the characteristics of S waves

Answer 26

Shear waves, transversal, arrive after P waves, slower than P waves, transversal

Question 27

What can ultrasound waves be produced by and what uses it

Answer 27

Magnetism- the crystals that use this are called manetostrictive crystals, the magnetism is called magnetostrition, and the transducers are called magnetostrictive transducers

Question 28

What is the frequency of ultrasound

Answer 28

Over 20,000Hz

Question 29

Why is ultrasound used for investigating the sea floor

Answer 29

Because the distance is too great to see what is at the bottom with light and light refracts in water.

Question 30

Why is ultrasound used in medial scans

Answer 30

To reduce the amount of operations

Question 31

What is the frequency of infrasound

Answer 31

Below 20Hz

Question 32

Transverse waves

Answer 32

Oscillations are perpendicular to direction of wave travel

Question 33

Longitudinal waves

Answer 33

Oscillations are parallel to direction of wave travel

Question 34

Transmission

Answer 34

Wave passing through

Question 35

Reflection

Answer 35

A wave bouncing off

Question 36

Absorption

Answer 36

A transfer of energy from a wave to a medium

Question 37

Refraction

Answer 37

A wave changing speed and direction

Question 38

Calculation for wave speed

Answer 38

Wave speed = frequency x wavelength