P1-Energy Stores And Systems Flashcards
What is energy transferred between?
Stores.
Name all 8 energy stores?
Thermal, Kinetic, Gravitational Potential, Elastic Potential, Chemical, Magnetic, Electrostatic, Nuclear.
What are the ways energy can be transferred?
Mechanically, electrically, heating or by radiation.
What happens when a system changes?
Energy is transferred.
What is an example of energy being transferred by heating?
Boiling water in a kettle. Water= the system. Energy transferred from water to waters thermal energy stores.
What is a system?
Another word for a single object or a group of objects.
What is work done?
Energy transferred.
When can work done occur?
By a force moving an object. Or when current flows(P2).
Describe the energy transfer from a cars breaks?
Friction occurs meaning wheels’ kinetic energy stores to thermal energy of the surroundings.
What is specific heat capacity?
Saying how hard it is to heat something up.
What is the conservation of energy principle?
Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated, but can never be created or destroyed.
What is dissipated energy?
Known as wasted energy- because the energy is being stored in a way that is not useful.
What is power?
Rate of doing work.
What is power measured in?
Watts.
What are the ways you can reduce energy transferring to a useless store?
Lubrication and thermal insulation.
What does lubrication reduce?
Frictional forces.
How can lubrication be used?
Reduce the friction between objects’ surface when they move.
What are lubricants?
Usually liquids (like oil), so they can flow easily between objects and coat them.
How can heating occur?
Conduction and convection.
How does insulation reduce the rate of energy transfer?
By heating.
Ways to prevent energy loss through heating?
Insulation
Have thick walls made from low thermal conductivity material.
Use thermal insulation- e.g double-glazed windows.
What are non-renewable energy resources?
Fossil fuels and nuclear fuels.
What are fossil fuels?
Natural resources formed from underground over millions of years.
What are the 3 main fossil fuels?
Coal
Oil
Gas
Negatives/Positives of non-renewable resources?
They will eventually run out.
They damage the environment.
But they provide most of our energy.
What is renewable energy?
Energy that can be re-used.
Renewable energy examples?
Sun (solar), Wind, Water Waves, Hydro-electricity, Bio-fuel, Tides, Geothermal.
Negatives/Positives of renewable energy?
Will never run out.
Does less damage to environment compared to non-renewable.
However they’re unreliable depending on weather so may not provide as much energy.
Examples of renewable and non-renewable energy for heating?
Non-renewable: coal for fireplaces. Natural gas to heat water then pumped into radiators.
Renewable: geothermal heat pump to heat buildings.
Solar water heaters use sun to heat water then pumped to radiators.
How does wind power create energy?
Through wind turbines.
What is bio-fuel?
Renewable energy created from plant products or animal dung.
What is the use of renewables limited by?
Reliability, money and politics.
