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Physics > P1 Energy > Flashcards

P1 Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is energy transferred between

A

energy stores of the object

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2
Q

What are the energy stores

A

Kinetic
Electrostatic
Thermal
Magnetic
Chemical
Nuclear
Elastic
Gravitational
(Naomi Campbell Met Grace Kelly To Eat Enchiladas)

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3
Q

What’s are the different ways energy is transferred between stores

A

mechanically
electrically
by heating
by radiation

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4
Q

What is the conservation of every principle

A

Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated, but never be created or destroyed

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5
Q

What is a system

A

a system is a collection of objects/bodies in which energy gets transferred between

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6
Q

How is energy transferred in a system

A

into/away from the system between different objects in the system/different energy stores

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7
Q

What are closed systems

A

systems where neither matter nor energy can enter or leave

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8
Q

What is the total energy of a closed system

A

always zero

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9
Q

what is work done

A

The amount of energy transferred

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10
Q

What needs to happen for work to be done

A

current flowing

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11
Q

If a ball was dropped, then what force does the work

A

gravitational force

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12
Q

What is the unit of work done

A

Joules (J)

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13
Q

When is energy transferred to a kinetic energy store

A

when an object speeds up

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14
Q

when is energy transferred away from a kinetic energy store

A

when an object slows down

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15
Q

What does the energy in the kinetic energy store depend on

A

the objects mass and speed

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16
Q

If the mass and speed of an object is high, then what will the kinetic energy store be like

A

there will be more energy than a lighter, slower object

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17
Q

what is gravitational potential

A

energy stored by objects that are lifted above the ground

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18
Q

What do you need to lift an object in a gravitational field

A

work

19
Q

How do you increase the gravitational potential

A

Raise the object higher

20
Q

What affects the amount of energy in a GPE store

A

the objects mass, its height and the strength of the gravitational field the object is in

21
Q

What happens in the energy stores when an object falls

A

energy from its gravitational potential energy store transfers to its kinetic energy store

22
Q

What does air resistance do to some of the energy

A

Air resistance creased friction leading to some energy being transferred thermally

23
Q

What is elastic potential energy

A

energy in a stretched or squashed object

24
Q

What happens to some of the energy when it gets transferred

A

Some of the energy dissipates into the surroundings when an energy transfer takes place

25
Q

What is dissipated energy

A

energy that has not transferred usefully is has been wasteful

26
Q

What is power

A

power is the rate of energy transfer

27
Q

what is the unit for power

A

Watts (W)

28
Q

What does Watts mean

A

how many joules transferred per second

29
Q

How could you describe a ‘powerful machine’

A

a machine that transfers a lot of energy in a short space of time

30
Q

How do you increase the power of an object

A

Increase how much energy is being transferred and reduce how long it takes for it to be transferred

31
Q

How do you reduce wasted energy

A

adding lubrication to prevent friction and adding thermal insulation to prevent thermal energy also caused by friction

32
Q

What does Lubrication do

A

reduce frictional forces

33
Q

Why are lubricants normally liquid

A

so that they can flow easily between objects and coat them

34
Q

What is an example of a lubricant

A

oil

35
Q

What does insulation do

A

reduce the rate of energy transfer by heating

36
Q

How can you prevent energy losses through heating in a home

A

have thicker walls that are made from a material with a low thermal conductivity
Use thermal insulation (double glazed windows, loft insulation)

37
Q

What do most energy transfers involve

A

waste energy

38
Q

Why are useful devices useful

A

because they can transfer from one store to another

39
Q

What is efficiency

A

the measure of how much input energy of a system in transferred usefully

40
Q

What affects efficiency

A

the amount of input energy wasted

41
Q

How can you improve the efficiency of an energy transfer

A

insulating, lubricating or making the objects more streamlined

42
Q

How do you write efficiency

A

As a decimal or a percentage

43
Q

What doesn’t efficiency have a unit

A

because it is written as a percentage or decimal of how much energy is usefully transferred

44
Q

What is the maximum percentage of efficiency

A

100%

Physics (13 decks)

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