P1 ATTACHMENT Flashcards
Who found interactional synchrony in babies as young as 2 weeks old?
Meltzoff & Moore (1977)
The temporal co-ordination of micro-level social behaviours between 2 people’ is better known as……?
Interactional synchrony
Who found that mothers pick up on their babies ‘alert phases’ about 2 thirds of the time?
Feldman & Eidelmann (2007)
When one person elicits a response from another is known as ….?
Reciprocity
Babies are passive? True or false?
False. Brazelton (1975) described mum and babies interactions as ‘like a dance’. Babies play an active role in communication
Why is it difficult to study babies behaviours?
Difficult to interpret intentions = we can’t ask them!
What did Isabella (1989) find out about interactional synchrony?
High levels of synchrony was associated with better quality mum-baby attachments
Why are filmed observations a strength of research into caregiver-infant interactions?
+ Can do covertly = babies don’t change behaviour
+ Can use multiple observers = establish inter-rater reliability
What are Schaffer’s 4 stages of attachement?
Asocial
Indiscriminate
Specific
Multiple
At what age does a baby normally display attachment to one person?
Around 7-8 months
In what % of cases is mum the primary attachment figure?
65%
At what age has the majority of babies formed multiple attachment according to Schaffer & Emerson
1 year
Schaffer & Emerson (1964) studied ……?
60 Glasgow babies in a naturalistic observation
What did Schaffer & Emerson (1964) find was the role of the father?
Play
At what age did Schaffer & Emerson (1964) find 75% of babies had formed an attachment withj their father’s?
18 months
According to Schaffer & Emerson (1964) what % of babies….
1. Had dad as a primary attachment figure?
2. Had dad as a joint first attachment figure?
- 3%
- 27%
According to Grossman (2002) how does a dad’s interaction with a baby effect it in adolescence?
Quality of play as a baby related to quality of adolescent attachments
What did Tiffany Field (1978) discover about dad’s?
Dad’s who are primary caregivers use reciprocity & interactional synchrony more than other dads = they can do it!!
Why has research into the role of the father got RWA?
Can be used to offer advice to parents….
eg 1. Dad’s can be primary caregiver
eg 2. Not having a dad does not affect a child’s development
Who discovered imprinting?
Lorenz (1952)
What ‘CC’ did Harlow discover?
Contact comfort
How long is a monkey’s critical period for attachment, according to Harlow?
90 days
How did maternal deprivation affect Harlow’s monkeys in adulthood?
More aggressive;
Less sociable;
Lack of reproductive skills;
Neglectful parents - some even killed their young
What researcher am I?
+ Real world value in social care and zoo’s
- Ethical issues
- Generalisability
Harlow
According to learning theory, what are the 2 ways we learn to attach to our caregiver?
Classical & Operant conditioning