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Physics > P1 > Flashcards

P1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How can energy be transferred?

A

Heating
Waves
Electric current
Or when a force moves an object

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2
Q

What energy transfers happen when a roaler coaster moves down?

A

GPE transferred to
Kinetic
Thermal (air resistance and friction)
Some energy transferred by Sound waves

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3
Q

How does a pendulum work?

A

As the bob on a pendulum moves away from the middle the kinetic store decreases and the GPE increases.
If air resistance is small then the bob will reach the same height on each side

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4
Q

What would happen if you put a pendulum in a vacuum? Why? What would this be an example of?

A

It would swing forever
As there is no air resistance (no energy transferred and no net change to the energy stored in the system)
A closed system

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5
Q

What is a system?

A

Is an object or a group of objects.

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6
Q

What is the conservation of energy?

A

Energy can’t be created or destroyed

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7
Q

Where is energy transferred in a bungee jump?

A

GPE
Kinetic
Elastic potential
Jumper comes to a stop

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8
Q

What is the energy transferred of someone going back up from a bungee jump?

A

Elastic Potential dec
Kinetic inc
GPE inc

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9
Q

Why doesn’t the bungee jumper return to original height?

A

Some energy was transferred to the thermal energy store of the surroundings by heating as the rope stretched and then shortened again.

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10
Q

What does it mean when the rope is slack?

A

Not tight
No tension

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11
Q

What must you do to raise an object?

A

You need to use a force that will overcome the force of gravity on it.

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12
Q

Energy transferred=

A

Work done on it

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13
Q

The work done by a force depends on the — of the force and the — moved

A

Size
Distance

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14
Q

What is the equation for work done?

A

Force applied (F) (Newtons) x Distance moved (s) (metres)

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15
Q

What is the unit of work done?

A

Joules

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16
Q

When an object moved down, the energy in its GPE store decreases
This — is — to the work done by the gravitational force acting on it

A

Decrease
Equal

17
Q

What does the work done when an object moves up or down depend on?

A

Weight of object
Distance moved vertically (change of height)

18
Q

What is it equation for change in objects gravitational potential energy store (J)

A

Weight (Newtons) x Change of height (Metres)

19
Q

What is equation for change in GPE store?

A

Mass (kg) x gravitational field strength (Newtons/kg) x change of height (metres)

20
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy an object has because of its motion
This depends on its mass and speed

21
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

1/2 x mass (kg) x speed ^2 (metres/ second)

22
Q

What is hooke’s law?

A

The graph
F = ke

23
Q

What happens when you run on a running machine?

A

As you exercise energy is transferred to the thermal energy store of your muscles (making u hot) and to the thermal energy store of the machine by the force you exert to overcome the friction in the machine.

24
Q

Input energy =

A

Useful output energy
As energy can’t be created or destroyed

25
Q

What is the equation for efficiency?

A

Useful output energy transferred by device (J)
——————————————————-
Total input energy supplied to the device (J)

26
Q

The more powerful an appliance is…

A

The faster the rate at which it transfers energy.

27
Q

What is the power of an appliance measured in?

A

Watts or Kilowatts

28
Q

How many watts in a kilowatt?

A

1000

29
Q

How many joules of energy are transferred with 1 watt?

A

1 watt is equal to the rate of transferring 1 joule of energy in 1 second

1 kw is equal to 1000 joules per second or 1kj/s

30
Q

What is the calculation for power?

A

Energy transferred to appliance (joules)
——————————————————-
Time take for energy to be transferred (s)

31
Q

The useful output power is the useful energy transfers per — transferred by it.

A

Second

32
Q

What is the second equation for power?

A

Useful power out
———————— x 100
Total power in

33
Q

What is the equation for power wasted?

A

Total power in - total power out

Physics (8 decks)

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