p/s uIdris review Flashcards
structural functionalism suggests that all aspects of society work together to..
maintain societal balance
what kind of interactions are not part of structural functionalism
small level interactions b/w individuals
nonverbal communication is least part of which sociological perspective
structural functionalism
explain normative organizations
membership is based on shared goals and/or values
utilitarian organizations are based on
membership driven by compensation
coercive organizations’ membership is
NOT freely chosen and/or maintained
examples of normative organizations
church congegrations
sororities
self-serving bias states that
failure –> due to external causes
success –> due to internal causes
to preserve self-esteem
self-serving bias is a common type of
attributional bias in which a person creates success to INTERNAL factors and failures on EXTERNAL factors
what does it mean to “operationalize a variable”
this means that a variable is not directly measurable (e.g. fatigue, depression) and is defined by the way it can be measured for testing purposes
self-fulfilling prophecy is a
belief or prediction that may or may not be true that influences a person’s behavior that believes it –> belief comes true
most motivation theories focus on
internally motivating factors, physiological drives, fear/threat of negative consequences
incentive theory of motivation suggests that
organisms are motivated to act in order to obtain external rewards
why does incentive theory explain why a person would continue smoking even w/ the dire health consequences?
pleasure of smoking and instant gratification overrides prospect of good health
rational choice theory explains that
people are rational decision makers who look to max gain and minimize loss
social exchange theory suggests that
individual interactions are based on decisions regarding costs + benefits accrued to each person in the relationship
example of social exchange theory
costs and benefits of a platonic/romantic relationship
costs: time, effort, money required to be in relationship
benefits: acceptance, friendship, intimacy
process of deliberation involves the assumption that the
patient will make rational choices + involves comparison of costs/benefits involved
flashbulb memory is produced by events that are
emotional
important
personal
distinct
flashbulb memory characteristics
vivid
detailed
confidence in memory
QUESTIONABLE accuracy
11 in uworld 6/10 rev
12 in uworld 6/10
13 6/10 uworld
reliability refers to the
consistency of an experiment or measure
produces similar results every time
validity refers to the
accuracy of a study/measure
results may not reflect reality
external validity is the extent to which
study results can be applied outside lab to real life situations
experiments in which all variables are tightly controlled may have a
high degree of reliability and internal validity but not generalizable to real world
standardization refers to
test admin and/or scoring done in a uniform manner
allows for better comparison to other subjects/groups
locus of control (LOC) refers to
an individual’s beliefs about who or what controls the outcome of an event/situation
individuals w/ an external LOC feel that
outcomes are due to factors beyond their control
individuals w/ internal LOC feel that
outcomes are within their control (their own behaviors)
PTSD is a disorder that arises after
exposure to trauma
PTSD symptoms
hyperarousal (exaggerated startle response, insomnia)
intrusive symptoms (nightmares, flashbacks)
avoid reminder of trauma
neg thoughts/mood
