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MCAT FACTS > P/S > Flashcards

P/S Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

role strain

A

conflicting demands from a single role

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2
Q

Webers ideal bureaucracy

A

hierarchy of authority, promotion based on effort, special and technical qualifications

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3
Q

Activation-synthesis theory

A

dreams are merely the interpretation of random electrical brain impulses

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4
Q

conformity

A

socially pressured behavioral standards of a group

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5
Q

Chunking

A

improving the encoding of informartion into memory by breaking information down into smaller “chunks”

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6
Q

Correspondence bias

A

tendency to attribute a personality trait as corresponding with a behavior

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7
Q

fMRI

A

used to visualize oxygenation of blood in different parts of the brain
ie. activity

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8
Q

CT scan

A

used primarly for brain strucutres

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9
Q

rational-legal authority

A

ascribe to an individual because of their socially appointed status

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10
Q

charismatic authority

A

based on special personality attribute

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11
Q

scoptic conditions

A

low light conditions

  • uses rods
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12
Q

cultural transmission

A

passing of culture between generations

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13
Q

cultural diffusion

A

spreading of culture between societies

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14
Q

Hawthorne effect

A

involves individuals modifying or improving an aspect of their behavior in response to being observed

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15
Q

social interference

A

occurs when performance on a diffucult task is decreased due to the presence of others

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16
Q

social facilitation

A

performance on a well-practiced and simple task is heightened due to the presence of others

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17
Q

social desirability bias

A

participants give responses to experimenters they deem to be more socially acceptable and favourable

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18
Q

Cannon-Bard

A

arousal and emotion same time

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19
Q

James-Lange

A

physiological arousal leads to emotion

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20
Q

Schachter-Singer

A

emotion results from physiological arousal and cognition

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21
Q

Lazarus

A

emotions are detemined by appraisal of the sitmulus

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22
Q

Deindividuation

A

sense of dissociation from one’s identity when they are in a crowd

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23
Q

Groupthink

A

occurs within a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity results in irrational decision-making outcomes

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24
Q

Secularization

A

decreasing devotion to religious doctrines or practices

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25
Q

religious affiliation

A

identification of the religious group that a person belongs too

26
Q

Retinal disparity

A

each of your eyes receives slightly different infromation about an object

BINOCULAR CUE

27
Q

Sclera

A

thick layer that covers most of the exposed portion of the eye

28
Q

retina

A

detect light and transduce a nervous impulse to the brain

29
Q

Fecundity

A

potential to bear children

30
Q

social network anaylsis

A

maps the connections between many different individuals in a community

31
Q

Rural flight

A

shift from rural areas to cities

32
Q

Reaction formation

A

pyschological defense mechanism in which a person goes beyond denail and behaves in the opposite way to which they think and feeel

33
Q

oxidative phosphorylation

A

the metabolic pathway in which cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, thereby releasing chemical energy in order to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

34
Q

substrate level phosphorylation

A

is a metabolism reaction that results in the production of ATP or GTP by the transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate directly to ADP or GDP. Transferring from a higher energy (whether phosphate group attached or not) into a lower energy product.

35
Q

NADH

reducing or oxidizing agent

A

reducing agent

36
Q

NAD+

reducing or oxidizing agent

A

oxidizing agent

37
Q

order of size for microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments

A

microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules

38
Q

social constructionist perspective

A

reality is created through social interactions, resulting in agreed-upon shared meanings

39
Q

actor-observer bias

A

bias to attribute ones actions to external factors but other to internal factors

40
Q

experimenter bias

A

researchers delibertly influence their study

41
Q

fundamental attribution error

A

tendency to blame others behavior on interal instead of external factors

42
Q

self-serving bias

A

successes as internal failures as external

43
Q

elaboration likelihood model

A

how nonverbal cues can influence the behavior of individiuals

44
Q

Theory of the social self: George Mead

A

social rather than biological factors influence indentity formation

45
Q

Periphery nations export

A

resources

46
Q

Core nations export

A

goods

47
Q

Experimental design

A

researcher manipulates independent variables to measure their effect on dependent variables

48
Q

Social network anatysis

A

maps connections between people

49
Q

Secularization

A

reduced power of religion as religious involvent declines

50
Q

Modernization (religion)

A

reduced importance of religion as society indistrilizes

51
Q

Fundamentalism (religion)

A

renewed commitment to tradition religion as a reaction to secularization

52
Q

power

A

ability to control and influence others

53
Q

authority

A

whether others believe that the power is legitiamit

54
Q

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

A

language influences our perception and cognition

55
Q

Differential association theory

A

deviance is learned through interactions with others engaging in deviance

56
Q

Labelling theory

A

individuals are labeled as deviant, they will confirm the label by acting deviant

57
Q

Strain theory

A

deviant behavior results from the disconnect between goals and the means for achieving those goals

58
Q

Hawthorne effect

A

behave differently as a result of knowing that they are being observed

59
Q

Social epidemiology

A

focuses on the effect of social factors on individuals and population health

60
Q

Malthusian theory

A

population growth increases exponentiallly while resources increase at a slower rate

61
Q

Mixed methods deisgn

A

integrates both quanititative and qualitative approaches

62
Q

Somantic symptom disorder

A

bodily symotoms causing distress

MCAT FACTS (3 decks)

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