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Year 9 Science > P H Y S I C S > Flashcards

P H Y S I C S Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the charge of an alpha particle?

A

2

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2
Q

Name the radiation emitted from radioactive materials that consist of high-speed electrons.

A

Beta radiation

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3
Q

True or false? It is safe to handle sources of alpha particles with bare hands as the radiation only travels a few mm in air.

A

False

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4
Q

Can electromagnetic radiation affect the electron arrangement of an atom?

A

Yes

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5
Q

What is the name of the medical condition humans can get that involves uncontrolled cell division if they are exposed to too much ionising radiation over a period of time?

A

Cancer

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6
Q

True or false. Most of an atom is empty space.

A

True

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7
Q

True or false? It is not possible to predict when a particular atom of a radioactive substance will undergo decay.

A

True

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8
Q

What name is given to the process by which radioactive atoms break down and change into a different type of atom?

A

Radioactive decay

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9
Q

Beta radiation consists of what type of sub-atomic particle?

A

Electrons

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10
Q

How many electrons does an alpha particle contain?

A

0

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11
Q

Which type of radiation emitted by radioactive atoms has the least ionising power?

A

Gamma radiation

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12
Q

Substances that give out radiation from the nuclei of their atoms all the time are said to be… what?

A

Radioactive

Unstable

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13
Q

What type of radiation has the greatest range in air?

A

Gamma

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14
Q

Name the type of radiation given out by radioactive substances that is the most ionising.

A

Alpha

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15
Q

True or false? Beta particles come from the electron shells surrounding a radioactive nucleus.

A

False

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16
Q

Which type of ionising radiation has no charge?

A

Gamma radiation

17
Q

Which type of ionising radiation is the most dangerous if swallowed?

A

Alpha

18
Q

Name the type of nuclear radiation that is used in smoke alarms.

A

Alpha

19
Q

An underground pipe is suspected to contain a blockage. A radioactive tracer is put into the pipe to assess the situation. What type of radiation will be given off by this tracer? Why is this tracer chosen?

A

Gamma radiation

Gamma radiation can pass through the pipe and ground to reach the detector.

20
Q

What word completes this sentence? Gamma rays are given out by the __________ of certain radioactive materials.

A

nucleus

nuclei

21
Q

What is the name given to an isotope if its nucleus is unstable?

A

Radioactive
Radioactive isotope
Radioisotope

22
Q

True or false? All isotopes are radioactive.

A

False

23
Q

What is the missing word? Ionising radiation is emitted all the time by __________ sources.

A

radioactive

24
Q

What happens if an alpha particle transfers sufficient energy to an atom?

A

The atom may eject an electron and become a positively charged ion.

25
Q

A Geiger-Muller (GM) tube can be used to detect ionising radiation. How many alpha particles entering the GM tube are needed to make the counter advance by one?

A

1

26
Q

What unit of radioactivity is being described here: “The activity of a quantity of radioactive material in which one nucleus decays per second.”

A

Becquerel

Bq

27
Q

True or false? 10g of a radioactive isotope has an activity of 15 Bq. Therefore it can be predicted that 20g of the same isotope will have an activity of 30 Bq.

A

True

28
Q

Fill in the missing word. The activity of a radioactive isotope is __________ proportional to its half-life.

A

inversely

29
Q

How many half-lives would have to pass before the radioactivity of an isotope falls to less than 1% of its original value?

A

7

30
Q

True or false? Gamma radiation can be deflected.

A

False

31
Q

A gas will turn back into a liquid faster if the temperature of the gas is… what?

A

Decreased

32
Q

What is the name given to the change in state from gas to solid?

A

Deposition

33
Q

What is the name given to the change in state from solid to gas?

A

Sublimation

34
Q

Internal energy is the energy stored inside a system by the __________ that make up the system.

A

Particles
Atoms
Molecules

35
Q

The heat of an object is a measure of the amount of __________ energy it contains. What is the missing word in this sentence?

A

Thermal

36
Q

What is the unit for measuring thermal energy?

A

J

Joules

37
Q

True or false? During a change of state, the temperature of the substance does not change.

A

True

38
Q

What is the unit for specific latent heat? Give your answer in symbols, not words (for example, “m/s”)

A

J/kg

Year 9 Science (8 decks)

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