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inorganic chemistry > p block (n fam) > Flashcards

p block (n fam) Flashcards

N FAMILY

1
Q

NITROGEN FAMILY

A

nitrogen
phosphorous
arsenic
antimony
bismuth
moscovium

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2
Q

this elemnts are known as…..
and its compunds are known as…

A

pnicogens
pnicanides

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3
Q

moscovium is a synthetic,extremely radioactive,trasactinide element with very short….

A

half life

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4
Q

nitrogen occur as ……. gas

A

diatomic

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5
Q

it constitutes ….. % of atmosphere

A

78

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6
Q

33rd most abundant on earths crust

A

nitrogen

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7
Q

nitrogen mainly occur as nitrates.Eg

A

Chile saltpetre- NaNO3
Indian saltpetre - KNO3

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8
Q

essential constituent of protiens,amino acids,nucleic acids

A

nitrogen

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9
Q

phosphorus is very reactive element hence

A

it donot occur in free in nature

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10
Q

11 most abundunt in earth crust

A

phosphorous

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11
Q

phosphorus occur in apetite minerals

A

3Ca3(PO4)2.CaX2
X=F,Cl,OH
ie, fluroapetite,chloroapetite,hydroxyapetite

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12
Q

As,Sb,Bi are mainly occur as

A

sulphide minerals
[mispickel,stibnite,realgar,orpiment,bismuth galnce,bismuthinite,bismite]

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13
Q

IE order

A

N>P>As>Sb>Bi

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14
Q

order of first,second,thrid IE

A

IE1<IE2<IE3

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15
Q

EN

A

elecctronegative than grp 14..doen the grp gradual decrease

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16
Q

metallic char

A

less than corresponding 14th grp..however metallic char increases down the grp

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17
Q

why met.char is less than corresponding 14th

A

due to increased nuclear charge and higher EN

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18
Q

why met.chr increases down the grp

A

en decreases down the grp.valence electron are lost more readily.
N & P are non metals
As & Sb are metalloids
Bi typical metal

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19
Q

melting point increases down the grp N to As due to

A

increase in at.size

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20
Q

why melting point of Sb and Bi decreases

A

due to inert pair effect,their tendency is to form three covalent bonds instead of 5.this results in weakening of attraction among atoms.

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21
Q

bismuth has weaker interatomic forces than antimony hence melting point

A

is low

22
Q

density

A

increses down the grp

23
Q

allotropy

A

exccept N and Bi all have allotropes
phosphorus(3)-red,white,black
As and Sb (2)-yellow,grey

24
Q

why negative oxdn state

A

since they have 5 electran as valence only needed3 electrons to attain noble gas configuration.
hence nitrogne forms nitrides (N3-) with highly elecctro[psitive metals(Mg3N2,Ca3N2)
other elements forms coalent compound(Ca3P2,Na3As,Zn3Sb2,Mg3Bi2)

25
Q

besides -3 ,N and P exhibit -2 oxdn state in…

A

hydarzine,diphoshpine

26
Q

N also shows -1 in…….
but phosphorus does not

A

hydroxylamine

27
Q

why PF5,PCl5,SbF5 and BiF5 are covalent

A

due to large amount of energy needed to lose 5 valence electrons,M+5 ions are not formed

28
Q

but in +3 oxn state these elements forms both ionic and covalent compounds

A

true

29
Q

cov char decreases in the order

A

N>P>As>Sb>Bi

30
Q

nitrogen because of samll size,high en,strong tendancy to form ppi-ppi multiple bonds shows oxn no. -3 to +5

A

NH3= -3
NH2NH2= -2
NH2OH= -1
N2= 0
N2O=+1
NO= +2
N2O3= +3
NO2 OR NN2O4= +4
N2O5= +5

31
Q

max covalency shown by nitrigen due to lone paiir

A

4

32
Q

all the oxdn state of nitrogen from +1 to +4 exhibit……. in acidic medium

A

disproportionation

33
Q

phosphoru is all oxdn state from -3 to +5 shows

A

disproportionation in both acidic and basic medium

34
Q

due to inert pair effecct,the stability of +3 ….. feom As to BBI

A

increases

35
Q

melting point orderr of their hydrides

A

NSAP

N>Sb>As>P

36
Q

boiling point order of their hydrides

A

BSNAP

B>Sb>N>A>P

37
Q

thermal stability

A

as size increases M-H bond strength decreases,stability decreases

38
Q

reducing char

A

increases down the grp

39
Q

basaic nature

A

decreases down the grp
hydrides are lewis bases (have a lone pair of electrons on the central atom)

40
Q

formation of oxides

A

E2O3,E2O5

41
Q

how oxn state and oxidic strngth relatedhigher the oxn state of the element greater is its acidic strngth

A
42
Q

reactn towards halogens

A

forms trihalides and pentahalides

43
Q

why N does not form pentahalides

A

due to absence of d orbitals

44
Q

as the size of the halogen grp increases phosphorus-halogen bond strngth decreases due to

A

steric hindrance

45
Q

catenation

A

phosphorus has the max tendency for catenation.
ntrogen has only a little tendency due to N-N single bond is very weak [repulsion of lone pair]

46
Q

N2 is inert due to

A

presence of triple bond,bond length is very ssmall.BDE is very small

47
Q

why nitrogen cant form dpi ppi bonds

A

absence of d orbitals

48
Q

nature of trihalides

A

except nf3 other trihalides of nitrogen unstable and explosive.other trihalides are stable

49
Q

white phosphorus

A

discreet units of P4
more reactive
volatile
dissolves in CS2
on contact with air it reats with O2 to give chemiluminesccence

50
Q

red phosphorus

A

linear chain of P4
less reactive
less volatile
insoluble in CS2
doesnt give chemiluminiscence

51
Q

black phos[horus

A

most thermodynamically stable allotrope

52
Q

prprn of allotropes

A

white P when heated with 573K gives red P,its is heated at 803K gives alpha black
otherwise heated at 473 K at high pr. gives beta black

inorganic chemistry (7 decks)

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