p. 91-101; 110-124 Canada & Nationhood Flashcards
Multinational State
A State that contains more than one nation
Define Nation
How can it be divided?
TEXT: A historical community with its own institutions, occupying a given territory or homeland, and sharing a distinct language and culture.
NOTES: can coincide with a state but does not have to. Is a psychological reality in the sense that it is an identification of people with each other.
Divided into ethnic or civic nation
Polyethnic State
A state that contains many ethnic groups.
Ethnic Nation
A community with a distinctive culture and history, which operates solely for the benefit of that cultural group. Members of the ethnic nation share common ancestry, language, custom, and traditions.
Civic Nation
example
A community based on the common territory in which its members live and are governed and identify with shared political institutions
example:
- US constitution has a statement ‘e pluribus unum’- one people out of many backgrounds
- Swiss united by certain institutions.
Identities
Individuals and group self-understanding of their traits and characteristics.
Official Multiculturalism
A policy introduced in 1971 that encourage individuals to embrace the culture and tradition of their choice while retaining Canadian citizenship.
National Minority
A culturally distinct and potentially self-governing society that has been incorporating into a larger
Ethnic Groups
Groups of immigrants who have left their countries of origin to enter another society, but who do not occupy a separate territory in their new homeland.
Differentiated citizenship
The granting of special group based legal or constitutional rights to national minorities and ethnic groups.
self-government rights
group-based rights that grant a national minority some kind of territorial jurisdiction or autonomy over its political and cultural affairs.
Polyethnic rights
group-based rights that allow ethnic groups and religious minorities to express their cultural distinctiveness without discrimination.
Bi-national state
ex:
Two populations sharing boundaries and under political power
Ex: Canada -english or french
Multinational State
contains more than one nation
ex: Aboriginal, English, French
Polyethnic State
A multicultural state that more people identify with over the nation state
has Canada ever been an ethnic nation?
NOPE
What is the difference between Multi- national and polyethnic
a multi-national state is one where there are smaller nations (national minorities) within the larger state, whereas polyethnic states are composed of many ethnic groups
Up until_________Canada targeted immigrants from_____________when seeking to expand population. Who changed this?
Up until 1967 Canada targeted immigrants from Britich Isles when seeking to expand population.
Robert Andras- liberal immigration minister
What system did Robert Andras come up with and what are some of the defining features?
Changed immigration to be less discriminatory:
- Points system- helped get certain people to the front of the line
- Focused on reunifying families by allowing immigrants to welcome family over (husband here, invites wife here)
- Offer sanctuary to refugee’s who also held democratic/similar values
Multiculturalism Policy:
What? 4 major features
Who?
When?
Trudeau, 1971
All citizens encouraged to embrace the culture of their choice.
4 features:
1. assist new CDNs to acquire new language
2. assist new CDN’s to retain or foster their culture
3. encourage beneficial exchanges between diverse cultures
4. reduce barriers to full participation in CDN life (political social, economic etc)
On average how many immigrants brought in each year and why
- 300,000+/- (have been for decades)
- our birth rate is declining and we are not replacing our aging population
What kind of nation is Canada?
HOW MUCH OF THIS ANSWER COULD BE SUBJECTIVE?? I think it is a polyethnic, civic nation- Multicultural group that values specific institutions like Medicare over specific/single cultural identification.
State must have
territory
sovereign power
population
Nation can coincide with …but…
can coincide with a state but does not have to.
The difference between a nation and a state is..
a nation is a psychological reality, instead of a tangible territory with sovereign power .
