Oxygenation Flashcards
What is the purpose of oxygenation?
The ability to supply oxygen to all cells of the body
Three steps of respiratory system
- Oxygen from air
- Transport air into alveoli
- Diffuse oxygen into blood to carry oxygen to cells.
Ventilation
Inhaling an exhaling
Respiration
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Perfusion
Pump oxygenated blood to tissue and deoxygenated blood to lungs
Diffusion
Moving gases from one area to another through alveolar capillaries
normal oxygen
12-20 bpm
physiological factors affecting oxygenation
decreased oxygen
chest wall movements
chronic lung disease
cardiovascular disease
describe decreased oxygen
anemia (low iron in blood)
inhaling co2
hypovelema (decreased volume to circulate)
chronic lung disease
COPD (narrow airway)
emphysema (inflamed and damaged alveolar walls)
chronic bronchitis (inflamed airway, cronic cough)
cardiovascular disease
SOB
heart failure
hypoxia (lack of oxygen to tissue)
hypoxemia (lack of oxygen to blood)
describ ealry and late sign of cardio disease
cognition: early (confusion or slurred speech)
late signs (cyanosis and clubbed nails)
respiratory acidosis
decrease oxygen ncrease co2
dyspnea
pain while breathing, SOB
exertianol dyspnea
running up stairs then having pain
orthopnea
SOB while laying down
hypoventilation
under 12 bpm
hyperventilation
over 20 bpm
apnea
not breathing, low RR
hemoptysis
blood while coughing
pneumoni
breathing down the wrong pipe
what are some developmental factors affecting oxygenation
infants: exposure to second hand smoke
young/middle aged adult: cardio risk
older adult: change in thorax shape
lifestyle factors that affect oxygenation
smoking
nutrition
excercise
envimental factors that affect oxygenation
occupational pollutants
secondhand smoke
health promotions for oxygenation
vaccines, lifestyle, subjective (do you somke?), objective (costal angle)
arterial blood gas
assessing respiratory and metabolic acid
bronchoscopy
invasive procedure
what do chest x rays see?
proximity of the organs and size of heart
who is on the care team to support oxygenation
respiratory therapist
pt
nutritionist
speech therapist
nursing interventions
mobilization (nebulization or hydration)
chest physiotherapy (postual drainage or chest percussion)
incentive spirometer
oxygen therapy
used to relif or prevent hypoxia
often requires orders
nasal cannula
low flow
22-44
venturi mask
provides specific oxygen
urgent situations
24-50
non rebreather mask
make sure bag is inflated
60-90
simple face mask
35-50
evaluation of oxygenation
desired outcome
goals
