Oxygenation

Question 1

What is the purpose of gas exchange?

Answer 1

Intake of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide occurs via diffusion

Question 2

What are the main steps in oxygenation?

Answer 2

Ventilation- breathing in and out
Respiration- exchange of gases in the alveoli and capillaries
Perfusion - oxygenated blood flows to body tissues

Question 3

What is atelectasis?

Answer 3

The collapse of the alveoli that prevents gas exchanges

Question 4

What are factors that can influence gas exchange?

Answer 4

Changes in surface area
Thickening of alveolar capillaries
Partial pressure

Question 5

When assessing a patient oxygenation history what to include?

Answer 5

ALlergies,chest pain, environmental exposures, resp infection, dyspnea, wheezing/ coughing, smoking

Question 6

What are some factors that can influence oxygenation?

Answer 6

A decrease in hemoglobin
Blood loss
decrease in inspired oxygen
hyperventilation
Conditions that affect the chest - pregnancy, obesity, trauma, muscular abnormalities
chronic diseases

Question 7

How is respiration regulated?

Answer 7

regulated by the CNS and chemoreceptors that detect the O2 and CO2 concentration in the blood

Question 8

What are kinds of blood tests would you look at affecting oxygenation?

Answer 8

CBC, cardiac enzymes, serum electrolytes

Question 9

What kind of imaging test would you use when oxygenation is impaired?

Answer 9

Chest X Ray, cardiac cath, Chest CT or MRI

Question 10

What are some noninvasive test to use?

Answer 10

TB skin test
Holter Monitor
ECG
PFT
pulse ox

Question 11

What are some non invasive pulmonary test ?

Answer 11

Incentive spirometer
peak expiratory flow rate
pulse ox
Capnography