oxygen toxicity/free radicals/ antioxidants Flashcards
what are some examples of enzymatic reactions that generate free radicals
- coenzyme Q generates superoxide
- oxidases, oxygenases, peroxidases generate ROS
- ionizing radiation
non-enzymatic reactions generate
free radicals
one major source of superoxide radical O2 is
coenzyme Q
what 2 reactions produce OH from H2O2
fenton and haber weiss reactions
what must the fenton and haber weiss reactions have to catalyze OH from H2O2
metals such as Fe2+ or Cu+
when this is induced, releasing of free radicals is high. may be influenced by alcohol or certain drugs
Cytochrome p450 enzmyes
these generate only H2O2
oxidases
this generates O2- OR H2O2
xanthine oxidase
deficiency in NADPH oxidase causes what disease
chronic granulomatous disease
what does chronic granulomatous disease do
make you unable to fight infection from capsulated bacteria
low dose nitric oxide give you
ex. nitroglycerin tablets for heart
vasodilation
use of NADH oxidase by phagocytic cells causes what radical to form
O2-
at high concentrations, nitric oxide can become toxic as
RNOS (reactive nitric oxide species)
RNOS involved in what 2 common disease
neuro-degenerative diseases like Parkinson’s and chronic inflammation in RA
what 3 cell components will oxygen radicals typically mess with?
lipids, peptide/proteins, and DNA
