Oxygen Administration Flashcards
Hypoxemia
Low oxygen in the blood
Hypoxia
Low oxygen in the tissues
Signs of Hypoxemia
Increased rapid pulse
Rapid shallow respiration and dyspnea
Increased restlessness and lightheadedness
Flaring of the nares
Substernal or intercostal retractions
Cyanosis
Indications for use of oxygen
Decreased alveolar oxygen
Hypoxemia causes increased work of breathing
Hypoxemia causes increased workload of the heart
Categories of Oxygen Delivery System
High flow system
Low flow system
Categories of Oxygen Delivery System
Those that can meet all the respiratory demands and can deliver a consistent flow rate
High Flow System
Examples of high flow system
Venturi mask
Non-rebreathing mask
Aerosol mask
T-pieces
Categories of Oxygen Delivery System
Do not meet the inspiratory demand and do not room air with a flow of oxygen into a reservoir
Low Flow System
Examples of low flow system
Nasal cannula
Partial rebreathing mask
Tracheostomy collar
FiO2
Fraction of Inspired Oxygen
A cone shaped adaptor that serves as a mixing valve to control the amount of oxygen and room air that flows through the mask
FIO2 = 24-50%
Venturi Mask
This is very useful for patients with chronic lung disease
Nursing responsibilities:
Ensure that flow is set at the rate specified to deliver the FIO2 desired
Venturi Mask
it is open at the top and is held in place with an elastic band around the head
FIO2 = 8-12%
Face tent
Open plastic mask that fits under the chin
FIO2 = 8-12%
Face tent
It is less reliable than a face mask for delivering precise FIO2 levels
Does allow moderate to high density aerosol for humidification
Face tent
Patients who feel claustrophobic in a face mask often tolerate a face tent
Face tent
Nursing responsibilities
Check the skin over the ears where the mask strap rubs
Face tent
Uses the reservoir bag to capture some exhaled gas for rebreathing
FIO2 = 6-15L/min | 50-90%
Partial Rebreather Mask
Allows higher FIO2 levels to be delivered
FIO2 is collected in the reservoir bag for inhalation
Partial Rebreather Mask
Exhalation ports allow most exhaled air to escape
Several types are available
Partial Rebreather Mask
Can deliver FIO2 above 50% at flow rates of 6-15L/min
Patient rebreathes some exhaled air along with oxygen
Partial Rebreather Mask
Nursing Responsibilities
Maintain the flow rate at a high enough rate to prevent the reservoir bag from collapsing during inhalation
Partial Rebreather Mask
A small, cup-shaped device that fits over the tracheostomy opening and is held in place with elastic straps around the neck
FIO2 = 4-10/min | 24-100%
Tracheostomy Collar
It is possible to deliver both high FIO2 and high humidity
Tracheostomy Collar
Nursing responsibilities
Watch for water accumulation in the tubing
Tracheostomy Collar
Types of Oxygen Administration
Cannula
Face mask
Face tent
Signs of Oxygen Toxicity
Changes in vision and hearing
Anxiety
Nausea
Vomiting
Loss of consciousness
Convulsions
