oxygen

Question 1

what is hypoxaemia

Answer 1

abnormally low oxygen in the blood

Question 2

oxygen is prescribed for hypoxaemic patients to … (2)

Answer 2

increase alveolar oxygen tension and decrease the work of breathing

Question 3

in most acutely ill patients with a normal or low arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2), oxygen saturation should be in the following range

Answer 3

94–98% oxygen saturation

Question 4

what is the target for oxygen saturation in people at risk of hypercapnic respiratory failure (e.g. pt with COPD)

Answer 4

88-92%

Question 5

Low concentration oxygen therapy (controlled oxygen therapy) is reserved for patients at risk of hypercapnic respiratory failure, which is more likely in those with:

Answer 5

COPD
advanced CF
lung scarring caused by TB
overdose of drugs causing resp depression e.g. opioids, BZDPNs etc

Question 6

Patients with COPD and other at-risk conditions who have had an episode of hypercapnic respiratory failure should be given oxygen via ….. and the following piece of info to carry with them

Answer 6

24% or 28% Venturi mask and an oxygen alert card endorsed with the oxygen saturations required during previous exacerbations

Question 7

what improves survival in COPD pt with more severe hypoxaemia

Answer 7

long term admin of oxygen (usually at least 15h daily)

Question 8

A risk assessment should be carried out for all COPD patients being considered for long-term oxygen therapy and if treatment is given, should be reviewed at least..

Answer 8

anually

Question 9

Can you offer long-term oxygen therapy to patients who continue to smoke despite being offered smoking cessation interventions.

Answer 9

No

Question 10

who is ambulatory oxygen prescribed for

Answer 10

patients on long-term oxygen therapy who need to be away from home on a regular basis

Question 11

Ambulatory oxygen therapy is not recommended for patients with (3)

Answer 11

heart failure, COPD with mild or no hypoxaemia at rest, or those who smoke.

Question 12

this is usually preferred for long term oxygen therapy from oxygen concentrator, but can produce dermatitis and mucosal drying in sensitive individuals

Answer 12

nasal cannula

Question 13

is oxygen via nasal cannula appropriate for acute respiratory failure

Answer 13

Giving oxygen by nasal cannula allows the patient to talk, eat, and drink, but the concentration of oxygen is not controlled; this may not be appropriate for acute respiratory failure.