nebulisers

Question 1

how does it work

Answer 1

converts solution of drug into aerosol for inhalation via face mask or mouthpiece

Question 2

what is the advantage of using a nebuliser for treatment when compared to standard inhalers

Answer 2

delivers higher doses of drug to airways than is usual with standard inhalers

Question 3

you would use nebuliser to deliver pentamidine isetionate for ….

Answer 3

prophylaxis of pneumocystis pneumonia

Question 4

particles of the following mass median diameter are deposited into the airways

Answer 4

1-5 microns

Question 5

particles of the following size are needed for alveolar deposition

Answer 5

1-2 microns

Question 6

true or false - the type of nebuliser is chosen according to deposition required and according to viscosity of solution

Answer 6

true

Question 7

proportion of nebuliser solution that reaches the lungs depends on ….

Answer 7

type of nebuliser

Question 8

the extent to which the nebulised solution is deposited into the airways or alveoli depends on the following 3

Answer 8

particle size
pattern of breath inhalation
lung disease severity

Question 9

can patients treat acute attacks with nebuliser

Answer 9

not without also seeking medical help

Question 10

which ones are used more often - jet or ultrasonic nebulisers

Answer 10

jet

Question 11

what is hypercapnia

Answer 11

high levels of CO2 in blood

Question 12

who is at risk of hypercapnia (high levels of CO2 in blood)

Answer 12

COPD

Question 13

should you give nebuliser driven by oxygen to pt with COPD

Answer 13

no
COPD pt are at risk of hypercapnia (high levels of CO2 in blood)
oxygen can be dangerous so nebuliser should be driven by air

Question 14

why may it be dangerous to give nebuliser driven by oxygen to pt with COPD

Answer 14

they are at risk of hypercapnia (high levels of CO2 in blood)
so needs to be driven by air

Question 15

jet nebulisers can be driven by the following 2

Answer 15

oxygen
air

Question 16

most jet nebulisers require an optimum gas flow rate of ….. l/min

Answer 16

6-8L/min

Question 17

can you use domiciliary oxygen cyclinders with jet nebuliser

Answer 17

they do not provide adequate flow rate
therefore electrical compressor is required for domiciliary use

Question 18

how do some jet nebulisers increase efficiency

Answer 18

some are able to increase drug output during inspiration

Question 19

important advice about tubing

Answer 19

need to use the correct grade of tubing when connecting to a nebuliser to a medical gas supply or compressor

Question 20

how to ultrasonic nebulisers work

Answer 20

produce aerosol by ultrasonic vibration of drug solution
therefore do not need gas flow

Question 21

true or false - ultrasonic nebulisers require gas flow

Answer 21

false. they produce aerosol by ultrasonic vibration of drug solution
therefore do not need gas flow

Question 22

ultrasonic nebuliser is not suitable for some drugs e.g. these 2

Answer 22

dornase alfa (used in CF)
nebulised suspensions

Question 23

how do vibrating mesh nebulisers work

Answer 23

produce aerosol of consistently small sized particles by using the vibration of the mesh to act as a pump to push the liquid drug through the holes of the mesh

Question 24

which nebuliser is small, silent and portable

Answer 24

vibrating mesh nebuliser

Question 25

which nebuliser can be battery operated

Answer 25

vibrating mesh nebuliser

Question 26

do vibrating mesh nebulisers require compressed air source

Answer 26

no