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BRUTE FORCE OPHTH PREP PART 1 > OXFORD HANDBOOK ANAT & PHYSIO > Flashcards

OXFORD HANDBOOK ANAT & PHYSIO Flashcards

1
Q

Interpalpebral fissure length

A

30 mm wide, 10 mm high (slight higher in women)

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2
Q

Resting position of upper and lowerlid

A

upperlid 2mm below superior limbus
lowerlid level with or above inferior limbus

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3
Q

Does eyelid skin has subcutaneous fat?

A

NO

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4
Q

how many lashes in upper and lowerlid?

A

Lashes are arranged 2-3 rows along lid margin,
above 150 on upper eyelid
75 on lower eyelid

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5
Q

Meibomian gland MGs in (upper and lower lid)

A

35 upper eyelids and 25 lower eyelids

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6
Q

name two horizontal canthal tendon

A

medial canthal tendon and lateral canthal tendons

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7
Q

medial canthal tendon arises from

A

ant lacrimal crest and post lacrimal crest

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8
Q

lateral canthal ligament inserts

A

Whitnalls tubercle (zygomativ bone)
and posteriorly with lateral check ligament

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9
Q

LPS originates from

A

Orbital apex and runs forward over superior rectus (SR) to the orbital rim

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10
Q

Conjunctiva (is what and comprise of)?

A

The conjunctival is a mucous membrane comprising non-keratinized epithelium, BM and stroma

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11
Q

Epithelium of palpebral conjunctiva?

A

Stratified squamous form. Contains mucin secreting goblet cells and cypt of henle

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12
Q

Sensation of lowerlid (nerves)

A

Infraorbital nerve (Vb)
Medial canthal region: infratrochlear branch of nasociliary (Va)

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13
Q

Sensation of upper lid (nerves)

A

lacrimal, supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves (Va)

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14
Q

Innervation of orbicularis, LPS and muller muscles

A

Orbicularis CN7, LPS CN3, Muller sympathetic system

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15
Q

Arterial supply of lids

A

supply by three arcades form anastomoses btwn medial palpebral artery ( terminal branch of ophthalmic artery) and lateral palpebral artery (lacrimal artery)

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16
Q

Marginal arcade upper and lower lid mm

A

upperlid 2mm above margin and lowerlid 4mm below the margin

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17
Q

Venous Drainage Eyelid

A

superficial temporal vein - laterally
ophthalmic and angular vein - medially

18
Q

Lymphatic drainage

A

parotid glands- laterally
submandibular glands- inferiorly
anterior cervical chain inferomedial

19
Q

how many ducts run from the orbital lobe of lacrimal gland

A

12

20
Q

lacrimal gland parasymphathetic innervation schematic

A

superior salivary nucleus (pons) - greater petrosal n - synapse at pterygopalatine ganglion - zygomatic n - lacrimal n - lacrimal gland

21
Q

lacrimal puncta (location and diameter)

A

located 6mm lateral to medial canthus/ diameter 0.3mm

22
Q

superior and inferior canaliculi parameter length and width

A

vertical part (ampulla : 2mm long 3mm wide)
horizontal part (8mm long 2 mm wide)

23
Q

common canaliculi parameter

A

2mm long

24
Q

common canaliculi parameter

A

2mm long

25
Q

lacrimal sac parameter

A

12mm in length

26
Q

lacrimal sac fossa

A

posterior to medial canthal tendon
lateral to ethmoid sinus

27
Q

lacrimal duct parameter

A

18 mm runs parallel to nasojugal fold (inferolaterally)
fist 12 mm lies in bony nasolacrimal canal

last 6mm within mucous membrane of lateral wall of nose

28
Q

which meatus lacrimal duct drains into

A

inferior meatus via ostium lacrimale

29
Q

valves in nasolacrimal system (2)

A

Rosenmuller (entry to lacrimal sac)
Hasner (exit from nasolacrimal duct)

30
Q

how many glands of krause?

A

28

31
Q

how many glands of wolfring?

A

3

32
Q

% of tears drained via superior and inferior canaliculus

A

70% inferior 30% superior

33
Q

cornea act as/function

A

1) clear refractive surface
2) protective barrier to infection and trauma

34
Q

cornea horizontal diameter

A

11.7mm

35
Q

cornea vertical diameter

A

10.6mm

36
Q

cornea shape (ant and pos)

A

anterior elliptical
posterior circular

37
Q

corneal stroma accounts % of corneal thickness

A

90%

38
Q

corneal proteoglycan substances (2)

A

1) chondrotin sulfate
2) keratan sulfate

39
Q

corneal transparency

A

1) active deturgence
- endothelium is relative permeable
-stroma swelling pressure
-water passthrough homonally aquaporin eg AQP1
2) regular orientation and spacing of stromal collagen fibres

40
Q

radii of curvatuve of cornea

A

anterior surface 7.7mm and posterior surface 6.8mm

BRUTE FORCE OPHTH PREP PART 1 (10 decks)

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