OWS, Pollution and Legislation Flashcards
Explain the purpose of the Oil Record Book
Oil Record Book
- It is a mandatory legal document, used to record all operations involving the transfer or handling of oil or oily mixtures on board ship.
- It servers as evidence of compliance with MARPOL regulations and can be presented in court in case of an oil spill or investigation.
PURPOSE OF THE ORB
1), To log all transfers of anything to do with oil, officer, date and time must be signed.
2), It shows the officer responsible for any transfers as well as the exact date and time.
3), it is the legal document to be called upon in court in the event of an oil spill.
LIST OF ACTIVITIES
- Oil Transfer
- Oily Water Separator Operation
- Oil or Sludge Disposal
- Oil Spill Response
- Bunker of Fuel or L.O
- Collection and Disposal of Oil Residue
Explain the action to be taken in the event of an oil spill
1), Stop all pumping operation.
2), Contain the spillage on board.
3), Inform Bridge and other personnel.
4), Start SOPEP plan,
IF SPILLAGE HAS ESCAPED FROM THE VESSLE
5), Inform nearest authorities.
6), Record an entry in the ORB (type, location and volume)
Explain how bilge water overboard discharge is monitored
Monitored and Controlled by the Oily Water Separator System, Specifically the PPM Oil Content Monitor.
- PPM metre continuously measures the oil content in the water being discharged.
- 15ppm is the limit and if it has been exceeded the monitored triggers an automatic shutdown of pump or valve.
- This ensures water only under 15ppm can be discharged, as per to MARPOL Annex I Regulations.
- An alarm is also fitted to alert the operator.
- All discharges and automatic shutdowns should be logged in the ORB.
State FOUR conditions to be complied with in order that bilge water may be discharged overboard while the vessel is in a special area
- The bilge water must not originate from cargo pump rooms.
- The bilge water must be mixed with oil cargo residue.
- The must be proceeding en-route.
- The oil content must not be greater than 15ppm.
- The ship has an approved OWS that is operational.
- The OWS is fitted with an shutdown device.
Describe an engine room bilge system that complies with current legislation
1), Bilge pumps transfer oily water to an OWS.
2), An OWS reduces oil content to below 15ppm.
3), This is monitored via a 15ppm monitor.
THE MONITOR
- If the oil content exceeds 15ppm, the monitor will automatically shut down the OWS or discharge by closing the overboard valve.
- While also triggering an alarm to alert operator.
DATA/RECORDS
- Tamper proof recording of ppm data for at least 18 months.
- Oil Record Book entries for all operations.
State FOR engine room records that are kept
- Oil Record Book
- Engine Room Sounding Logs
- Rest & Work Hours
- Engine Room Log Book
State why the ORB, ER Sounding Logs, Rest & Work Hours and ER Log Book are important
Oil Record Book
- To comply with MARPOL Annex I and to track and keep record of all oil discharge and transfer.
Engine Room Sounding Logs
- To keep track of engine room tank levels.
Rest & Work Hours
- To comply with SOLAS and ensure crew are getting enough rest.
Engine Room Log Book
- To comply with SOLAS and track and monitor behaviour patterns and work done each watch.
State the frequency of updating the records
ORB, ER Sounding Log, Rest & Work Hours, ER Log Book
Oil Record Book
- Anything to do with oil and when bilge water is discharged.
Engine Room Sounding Logs
- Completed twice daily.
Rest & Work Hours
- Completed at the end of each day.
Engine Room Log Book
- Completed twice daily
Name the International Convention that regulates the prevention of oil pollution at sea
MARPOL, Annex I, 73/78
Describe how oily water from machinery space bilges are treated to ensure that the discharge complies with the convention MARPOL Anne I
1), Collected from bilge wells and pumped to a holding tank for temporary storage.
2), The bilge mixture is then pumped to the OWS.
OWS OPERATION
- Density Separation (oil is lighter and rises)
- Coalescence (small oil droplets merge into larger ones that separate more easily)
3), The cleaned oil then passes through 15ppm monitor
IF 15PPM HAS BEEN EXCEEDED
- Shuts down OWS or Discharge valve automatically.
DATA/RECORDS
- Tamper proof recording of ppm data for at least 18 months.
- Oil Record Book entries for all operations.
State the legal document that is required to comply with the convention MARPOL Annex I
Oil Record Book
Explain when it is NOT permissible to discharge the bilge water overboard, even via an oily water separator
- When the vessel is not en-route.
- If the oil content exceeds 15ppm.
- In special areas (Antarctica, as designated by MARPOL Annex I).
- Bilges should not originate from the cargo pump rooms (prevent contamination).
- if the vessel is in port, discharge is prohibited.
State the maximum possible oil content of the overboard discharge
15ppm
Identify the documentation to be completed and state by whom, following disposal of bilge water from machinery spaces.
Engine Room Log - by the Watchkeeper.
Oil Record Book - completed by the person operating the OWS.
Vessel Movements Log and Ships Log - completed by the Captain.
Describe the procedure for using a static oily water separator
1), Inform the bridge and C/E about the intention of discharging bilge water.
2), Flush the OWS with fresh water to ensure the monitor reads 0ppm.
3), Test the alarm to ensure discharge stops if oil content exceeds 15ppm.
4), Open the discharge and allow clean water (below 15ppm) overboard.
5), Sound the bilge holding tank and record the results.
6), Start drawing from the bilge holding tank and ensure OWS is in full auto control.
7), Log details (time of discharge, starting tank volume, vessels position).
8), When discharge quantity is reached, stop discharge and close the valve.
9), Flush OWS with clean water.
10), Sound the bilge holding tank and record the results, Engine room log and Oil record Book must also be recorded.
11), Inform Bridge and C/E that operation is complete.
State the effect that the addition of heat would have on the efficiency to the separator
Heating would aid the separator.
- It would further change the densities of oil/water and reduce the viscosity of the oil, making the separation process more efficient.
State the effect that agitating the bilge water before pumped would have on the efficiency to the separator
Agitating the bilge water before being pumped would have a negative effect on the separator.
- It would cause the oil/water to emulsify making the separation process very difficult.
State the regulations that make each ship responsible for the prevention of pollution at sea in port
MARPOL Annex I
Name the equipment that must be used in machinery spaces that comply with MARPOL Annex I
Oily Water Separator (OWS)
Describe the principle of operation of an oily water separator
1), An OWS removes oil from bilge water using two main principles;
- Density Differences - oil is less dense than water, so naturally rises to the top of the separator.
- Coalescence - tiny droplets merge into larger ones, making them easier to separate.
2), Oil is then removed at the top of the OWS.
3), The separated water then passes through a 15ppm monitor.
- If the oil content is below 15ppm, its discharger overboard.
- If the oil content is above 15ppm, the system shuts down or recirculates the water.
As EOOW, State the precautions to be taken against spillage during bunkering operation
- Close all scuppers and ensure drip trays are in place.
- Ensure all fuel tank vents are cleared.
- Keep SOPEP kit ready and near the bunkering point.
- Maintain clear communication with the bunker barge.
- Secure the bunker hose properly.
- Control and monitor bunker pressure.
- Regularly check soundings of bunker tanks.
- Ensure all crew know their duties in case of a spill.
- Confirm knowledge of the emergency stop procedure between ship and barge.
Explain Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP)
1), Plan put in place to deal with accidental oil pollution caused by your vessel.
2), Updated whenever crew is changed to assign different roles.
3), Safe and efficient collection recovery of escaped oil.
SOPEP Equipment
- Oil Spill Dispersant
- Booms
- Absorbent Materials
- Pumps and Hoses
Explain Oil Record Book
Oil Record Book
- It is a mandatory legal document, used to record all operations involving the transfer or handling of oil or oily mixtures on board ship.
- It servers as evidence of compliance with MARPOL regulations and can be presented in court in case of an oil spill or investigation.
LIST OF ACTIVITIES
- Oil Transfer
- Oily Water Separator Operation
- Oil or Sludge Disposal
- Oil Spill Response
- Bunker of Fuel or L.O
- Collection and Disposal of Oil Residue
As EOOW, State the precautions to be taken against spillage during bunkering operation
- Close all scuppers and ensure drip trays are in place.
- Ensure all fuel tank vents are cleared.
- Keep SOPEP kit ready and near the bunkering point.
- Maintain clear communication with the bunker barge.
- Secure the bunker hose properly.
- Control and monitor bunker pressure.
- Regularly check soundings of bunker tanks.
- Ensure all crew know their duties in case of a spill.
- Confirm knowledge of the emergency stop procedure between ship and barge.
