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Clinical erasmus > own questions > Flashcards

own questions Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What three internal sources did plato believe human behaviour is determined?
A
  1. Physical desires, emotion and reason
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2
Q
  1. What did saint Thomas Aquarius, in the middle ages say about mental health?
A
  1. He said that disease and insanity is caused by spiritual matters and that the soul is unable to become sick and so mental problems must have a physical cause or be due to problems in reason or in passion.
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3
Q
  1. Who was claude bernarde?
A
  1. Claude Bernarde was a prominent physician who argued for recognition of the tole of psychological factors in illness.
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4
Q
  1. Who was Eli Todd?
A
  1. Eli Todd made sure that the source for humane treatment for the mentally ill was heard.
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5
Q
  1. Why was Emil Kreapplin, named the father of psychology?
A
  1. Emil Krapplin was named the father of psychology because he was the first person who offered different two category system of mental illness – exogenous disorders (external factors) and endogenous disorders (caused by internal factors)
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6
Q
  1. In the American osychological associations ethical code (2002), what are the two distinct sections?
A
  1. General principles (aspirational) and ethical standards (enforceable).
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7
Q
  1. What are the five general principles described?
A 
2.	Beneficence and non maleficence
Fidelity and responsibility
Integrity
Justice
Respect for peoples rights and dignity
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8
Q
  1. What are the exceptions of when consent for assessments, evaluations and diagnostic services is included?
A
  1. When testing is mandated by law or governmental regulations, when informed consent is because of a routine e.g. applying for a job, when the aim is to evaluate decisional capacity.
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9
Q
  1. What do psychologists take into account when interpreting test results?
A
  1. Psychologists take into account the purpose of assessment as well as various test factors, test taking abilities and other characteristics of the person being assessed.
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10
Q
  1. What can stop a patient having their test results explained to them?
A
  1. If the nature of the relationship, precludes provision of an explanation of results e.g. in some orginisational consulting, pre employment and security screenings and forensic evaluations (but this fact will have been clearly explained to the person being assessed in advance)
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11
Q
  1. What does the term test manuals include?
A
  1. Manuals, instruments, protocols, and test questions or stimuli (it does not include test data)
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12
Q
  1. According to the assessment proposal – what are some usual instruments and actions for selective mutism?
A
  1. – interviews
    - Self reports (especially for parents)
    - Questionnaires (for parents and teachers)
    - Direct observation
    - Antecendents, consequences and context related data analysis
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13
Q
  1. According to the differential diagnostic criteria, what can be applied?
A
  1. The anxiety disorders interview schedule, child version of the ADIS – C. it is a semi structured interview to focus on the assessment of anxiety disorders (the aim is to rule out other disorders).
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14
Q
  1. For practical question 1 what was required to do?
A
  1. – read and write about the dysfunction of selective autism, signs and symptoms
    - Find the DSM – V description
    - Decide whether Ramon has been correctly diagnosed and why
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15
Q
  1. For practical question 2, what was required to do?
A
  1. – you had to imagine yourself as part of the assessment team
    - You had to select different instruments to assess Ramon and his family
    - Once the instruments were selected, you had to describe them and justify their application
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16
Q
  1. For question three of the practical, what was required?
A
  1. – we had to create suggestions and recommendations to provide Ramon’s family and teachers to improve his verbal communication.
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17
Q
  1. What is one reason a child may develop, selective mutism?
A
  1. Often the chid already has a predisposition to anxiety. This means they have inherited the tendency to be anxious.
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18
Q
  1. What is methodology?
A
  1. The application of scientific method to collect reliable and valid information needed to make an educational programme
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19
Q
  1. What ways are insitutions and organisations assessed?
A
  1. Organisation, operation, autonomy. Added value, effectiveness, efficiency, performance of students
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20
Q
  1. What is the tole of an educational psychologist?
A
  1. A professional whos work is a reflection and intervention on human behaviour in educational situations, by developing the skills of individuals, groups an insitutions.
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21
Q
  1. What are the four intervention programmes according to their objectives:
A
  1. – preventative
    - Developmental
    - Therapeutic
    - Academic and professional guidance
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22
Q
  1. What is the difference between assessment and evaluation?
A
  1. Assessment = the interpretation of interpreting evidence

Evaluation = refers to the process of making a valued judgement

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23
Q
  1. Once information about the patient has been gathered and the target problem behaviours have been identified, what are the next steps?
A
  1. The functional characteristics should be analysed and the purpose of each particular behaviour (problem). The casual variable maintaining these problems should also be identified.
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24
Q
  1. What is Hanley et al., 2003 and Wilson and Murrell 2002, definition of functional analysis?
A
  1. Functional analysis focuses on identifying variables that influence the occurance of a particular problem behaviour, and how those variables mutually affect each other.
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25
Q
  1. What is Plante 2005 definition of functional analysis?
A
  1. Plante defines functional analysis as a behavioural analysis of what led up to the behaviour (antecedents) and also the consequences of that behaviour.
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26
Q
  1. With formulation models, what is important to remember?
A
  1. – a problem is not nessecarily a diagnosis symptom

- A problem is not a diagnosis

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27
Q
  1. How can you identify problems?
A
  1. – from patients complaint
    - It should be able to be measured
    - It has to be a specific behaviour or thought
    - What the patient says interferes with their life.
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28
Q
  1. What is the antecedent, behaviour, consequence (ABC) model?
A
  1. The antecedent, behavioural consequence model, is a very popular functional analysis model which is used to examin problem behaviour and the relationships between variables that precede, happen with or follow it.
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29
Q
  1. What four questions need to be asked when creating functional analysis?
A
  1. – what could cause this problem
    - Whether it is a modified variable or not
    - What the outcomes of the problem are
    - Are the outcomes a problem too?
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30
Q
  1. What is the functional analysis clinical case model (FACCM)
A
  1. – it illustrates the consellation of variables and relations amoung casual variables, behaviours and effects of behaviours
    - Modifiability of causal variables
    - The system considers class, direction and strength of the functional relations
    - Maths model
    - Visual model
31
Q
  1. Before treatment planning is started, what needs to be done?
A
  1. – ethical and clinical request
    - Offer the last chance to test the patient before starting treatment
    - Provide the client a explanation about the problems and possible treatments
    - Make a decision about the test treatment to be applied
32
Q
  1. When returning information, what is important to clarify?
A
  1. – give meaning and normalise the experience
    - Divide the model in different parts to make understanding easier
    - Ensure the patient has understood each part of the model
    - Ask for the opinion about possible treatments
    - Facilliate the reflection, decision making and intervention acceptance
33
Q
  1. What is the diamond shape (case formulation)
A
  1. The diamond shapes are no modifiers – this means that it is something that cant be changed – problems that you cant change e.g. dad being an alcoholic
34
Q
  1. What is the oval shape (case formulation)
A
  1. The oval is the causable variable modulations, this is the mood and behaviour and whats lacking for the individual
35
Q
  1. What is the square shape (case formulation)
A
  1. The square is the problems and consequences for example, stress
36
Q
  1. What is the star shape (case formulation)
A
  1. The star is the precipitory trigger, for example, husband getting a promotion
37
Q
  1. What is a stai test?
A
  1. A stai test is an anxiety test – it can be a self report
38
Q

2) Fernandez Ballestoros model (1980) to understand the psychological assessment process-

A

Answer- Has 4 phases.

Gather info/ Hypothesis formulation/ Hypothesis validation- (contrast) / Conclusion- (Case formulation).

39
Q

3) Manuel Munoz model is described as different axis (DFD)

A

Descriptive (gathering of info)
Functional (hypothesis contrast)
Diagnosis (conclusion/ case formulation)

40
Q

4) When is the Standard Clinical Interview Applied (the interview to know the reason of consultation)

A

Does not always have to be carried out at the 1st meeting.

41
Q

5) The SCL – 90 is-

A

General screening Questionaire/ …….Technique/ Technique of detection at the first level.

42
Q

6) The General Screeening Technique gives us info about-

A

If a person is suffering something.

43
Q

7) The General Health Questionaire (GHQ)?

A

Is a Q of initial detection and Is a Q of Quality of life. (It’s something we have to detect).

44
Q

8) Adlibitum Observation is a technique of?

A

An open Observation (General screening technique).

Aditional info/ semi- structured = when you have an idea about what you have to observe.

45
Q

9) When is the Diagnosis Hypothesis formed?

A

After the application of general screening techniques.

46
Q

10) To validate the Diagnosis Hypothesis you need?

A

3 x specific screening techniques (Triangulation of each hypothesis

47
Q

11) The process of clinical assessment CA

A

It is always carried out, but if we just need a diagnosis it is shorter. (a report is always written).

48
Q

12) The most accurate treatment is- (2 criteria in answer)

A

The one which has been based on Case formulation and diagnosis.

49
Q

13) The Mental Status Exam- (Long form) is- (2 x criteria in answer)

A

An observation technique &

A specific screening technique.

50
Q

14) The General Screening Technique is (2 x criteria in answer)

A

14) The General Screening Technique is (2 x criteria in answer)
Detection 1st Level &
Initial detection technique.

51
Q

15) The sequential analysis is- (2 x answer criteria)

A

Carried out after a list of problems & is a descriptive task.
Shows variables which always appear, (ie a diary). (to be done after problems show up)

52
Q

16) The Functional Analysis is-

A

Coming from the Sequential Analysis SA of the problems.

Is carried out by the therapist with the SA info.

53
Q

17) The Case Formulation CF-

A

Is carried out with all Sequential/ functional? Analysis of the problems.
Relevant variables from the patient history are incorporated.
It is carried out by the therapist and explained to the patient.

54
Q

18) A characteristic of a crisis interview is that-

A

The intervention is required before carrying out the assessment.

55
Q

19) Theraputic skill at the beginning is-

A

Being directive.

56
Q

20) When assessing somebody it is important to-

A

Choose the best technique based on case & time & process.

57
Q

21) 4 x humours theory proposed by Hippocrates-

A

Black bile, yellow bile, phlegm and blood.

58
Q

22) Most important pioneer of dualism-

A

Descartes

59
Q

23) Precursor? of hypnosis-

A

Mesmer (mesmerising) and Charcot (hysterical women)

60
Q

24) One of the pioneers of the moral therapy and the human is-

A

Philip pinel (French) 1725-1846 (Also Todd US 1762-1832/ Tuke UK 1732-1832) Do not know why the answer is Pinel and not Todd or Tuke).

61
Q

26) The difference between the alpha and beta test assessment centres?

A

The Beta was for illiterate people.

62
Q

27) If people are divorced and have children under 18 whos consent is needed for the child to have therapy?

A

Just consent of 1 parent.

63
Q

30) The diagnosis hypothesis are equal functionality between variables?

A

Descriptive hypothesis.

64
Q

31) The DSM/ICE diagnosis are-

A

Descriptive diagnosis never functional one.

65
Q

32) When treating eating disorders, to go deep in to asses the problems

A

Self report of thoughts and feelings.

66
Q

33) The Mini Mental-

A

Specific screening for cognitive impairment.

67
Q

34) If the patient does not identify that they have any problems what is needed-

A

1 + 2 consent + assessment ?

+ seen by other s?

68
Q

35) Quick Questionaire to apply to see if our patient is a case or not (Has a problem) would be-

A

GHQ

69
Q

what are close variables

A

(decrease of Anxiety symptoms)

70
Q

what are Distant variables

A

may be considered outcomes in the Functional Analysis (increased or reinforced self-esteem).

71
Q

In the integral view of assessment, how would students be evaluated?

A

Learning, attitudes and values, progress, results, skills, context

72
Q

In the integral view of assessment, how would teachers be evaluated?

A

General training, knowledge, teaching practice, student performance

73
Q

In the integral view of assessment, how would Institutions and organisations be evaluated?

A

Organization, operation, autonomy, added value, effectiveness, efficiency, performance of students…

74
Q

In the Politics, programs, whole educational system, how would organisations be evaluated?

A

Students performance

Clinical erasmus (3 decks)

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