Overview of the nervous system

Question 1

ectodermal tissue thickens and flattens to become the…

Answer 1

neural plate at approx. 17 days.

Question 2

if the neural tube doesn’t close at the rostral aspect (that would become the forebrain) it can lead to…

Answer 2

anencephaly - it is fatal and can lead to a miscarriage.

Question 3

if the neural tube doesn’t close at the caudal aspect it can lead to…

Answer 3

spina bifida.

Question 4

the risks of the neural plate not closing / neural tube defects can be reduced by…

Answer 4

the mothers taking folic acid when trying to conceive and whilst pregnant.

Question 5

outgrowths of areas on the neural tube form 3 primary brain vesicles:

Answer 5

the Forebrain,
the Midbrain,
the Hindbrain.

Question 6

the Forebrain differentiates into secondary brain vesicles:

Answer 6

the Telencephalic vesicles,
the diencephalon,
and the optic vesicles.

Question 7

the grey matter areas divide into:

Answer 7

the thalamus and hypothalamus at the diencephalon,
the cerebral cortex,
and the basal telencephalon.

Question 8

the white matter areas also divide into:

Answer 8

the corpus callosum,
cortical white matter,
and the internal capsule.

Question 9

the Midbrain differentiates into…

Answer 9

the (dorsal aspect) tectum,
and the (ventral aspect) tegmentum,
surrounding the cerebral aqueduct.

Question 10

the Hindbrain differentiation involves formation of…

Answer 10

a fourth ventricle,
rhombic lips which become the cerebellum,
and the pons.