Overview of the Back Flashcards
Name the muscles in the superficial layer of the back
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major
What is the general action of the superficial layer of the back?
Movement of the shoulder
What is the innervation of the Trapezius?
Spinal accessory nerve (CNXI)
What is the innervation of the Latissimus dorsi?
Thoracodorsal nerve
What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?
Dorsal scapular nerve
What is the innervation of the Rhomboid major and minor?
Dorsal scapular nerve
What is the attachments, innervation and action of the Splenius capitis?
Attachments:
Originates from the lower aspect of the ligamentum nuchae, and the spinous processes of C7 – T3/4 vertebrae.
The fibres attach to the mastoid process and the occipital bone of the skull.
Innervation:
Posterior rami of spinal nerves C3 and C4.
Actions:
Rotate head to the same side.
What is the origin, insertion, innervation and action of the Serratus posterior superior?
Origin: Nuchal ligament, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T3
Insertion: Superior borders of ribs 2-5
Innervation: 2nd-5th Intercostal nerves
Function: Elevates ribs
What is the origin, insertion, innervation and action of the Serratus posterior inferior?
Origin: Spinous processes of vertebrae T11L2
Insertion: Inferior borders of ribs 9-12
Innervation: Anterior rami of spinal nerves T9-T12 (9th-11th Intercostal nerves + subcostal nerve)
Function: Depresses ribs/ Draws ribs
inferoposteriorly
What is the attachments, innervation and action of the Iliocostalis?
Attachments:
Arises from the common tendinous origin, and attaches to the costal angle of the ribs and the cervical transverse processes.
Innervation:
Posterior rami of the spinal nerves.
Actions:
Acts unilaterally to laterally flex the vertebral column. Acts bilaterally to extend the vertebral column and head.
What is the attachments, innervation and action of the Multifudus?
Attachments:
Has a broad origin – arises from the sacrum, posterior iliac spine, common tendinous origin of the erector spinae, mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of T1-T3 and articular processes of C4-C7.
The fibres ascend 2-4 vertebral segments, attaching to the vertebral spinous processes.
Innervation:
Posterior rami of the spinal nerves.
Actions:
Stabilises the vertebral column.
What is the attachments, innervation and action of the Splenius cervicis?
Attachments:
Originates from the spinous processes of T3 – T6 vertebrae.
The fibres attach to the transverse processes of C1-3/4. Innervation:
Posterior rami of the lower cervical spinal nerves.
Actions:
Rotate head to the same side.
What is the attachments, innervation and action of the Spinalis?
Attachments:
Arises from the common tendinous origin, and attaches to the spinous processes of C2, T1-T8 and the occipital bone of the skull
Innervation:
Posterior rami of the spinal nerves.
Actions:
Acts unilaterally to laterally flex the vertebral column. Acts bilaterally to extend the vertebral column and head.
What is the attachments, innervation and action of the Longissimus?
Attachments:
Arises from the common tendinous origin, and attaches to the lower ribs, the transverse processes of C2 – T12, and the mastoid process of the skull.
Innervation:
Posterior rami of the spinal nerves.
Actions:
Acts unilaterally to laterally flex the vertebral column. Acts bilaterally to extend the vertebral column and head.
What is the attachments, innervation and action of the Semispinalis?
Attachments:
Originates from the transverse processes of C4-T10.
The fibres ascend 4-6 vertebral segments, attaching to the spinous processes of C2-T4, and to the occipital bone of the skull.
Innervation:
Posterior rami of the spinal nerves.
Actions:
Extends and contralaterally rotates the head and vertebral column.
