OVERVIEW of Stuttering Therapy Approaches Flashcards
What is fluency shaping
any therapeutic approach to stuttering that focuses on aspects of NORMAL, FLUENT SPEECH.
What are the aspects of speech production targeted in fluency shaping
- respiration
- phonation
- articulation
- coordination of all previous elements
True or false, fluency shaping relies heavily on attitudes and feelings?
False
Stuttering modification deals with aspects of attitudes and feelings
What are the therapy approaches taken in fluency shaping?
- easy onset
- decrease speaking rate
- light contacts
- continuous phonation
- pausing
- delayed auditory feedback
What is delayed auditory feedback?
A system in which a speakers own words are returned through headphones after an imposed electronic delay of a few milliseconds.
IE: speech easy
What are the FOUR phases of traditional stuttering therapy?
- identification
- desensitization
- modification
- stabalization
What is stuttering modification?
An approach to stuttering that focuses more on controlld fluency or acceptable stuttering. An important aspect of this approach is dealing with attitudes and feelings of the client
What are the approaches taken in stuttering modification therapy?
1 Cancellation (after stutter, repeat word)
2 Pull-out (in middle of stutter, release tension finish word)
3 Prepatory set (scan for word commonly stuttered on, and use easy stutter for that word.
What is desensitization?
people who stutter are usually oversensitive of their own stuttering. Desensitization is the phase of “toughening the stutterer to his stuttering” There are three pieces to this component.
What are the three pieces of desensitization?
- confrontation (talk about stutter with others)
- freezing (stay in stutter voluntarily, feel where tension is
- voluntary stuttering (AKA pseudostuttering) helps address direct fear of stutter
What are behaviors that are considered stutter-like events?
whole word reps
part word reps
sound reps
blocks
What are behaviors that are considered typical or normal disfluencies?
interjections
phrase repititions
What is spontaneous fluency?
When there is no tension or struggle behaviors. May have some easy repetitions or proongations, however rate and rhythm are normal. In this speech, the speaker does not have to pay attention to his/her speech
What is controlled fluency?
Like spontaneous fluency, however the person still does need to pay attention and monitor their speech and make changes as needed. He/she may use various techniques, such as slowing rate, prolonging syllables, etc. However wont show noticeable moments of stuttering, rate and rhythm are sometimes modified in this speech. The effort is high as monitoring speech is happening
What is acceptable stuttering
When the stuttering is noticeable, but not too severe and the speaker is comfortable with his/her speech, not embarrassed or fearful. They will need to monitor their speech and sometimes modify it to keep stuttering at acceptable level
What are the goals of fluency shaping (chart)
- controlled fluency
- spontaneous fluency
- normal fluency
What are the characteristics of fluency shaping therapy (chart)
- Establish fluent speech
- Use of behavioral principles
- Quantitative measurements (data driven)
- Highly structured therapy paradigm
- Emphasis on data collection
- Planned transfer
What are the goals of stutter modification (chart)
- spontaneous fluency
- controlled fluency
- acceptable stuttering
What are the characteristics of stutter modification therapy (chart)
- Modification of stuttering
- Attention to attitudes/feelings
- Qualitative data (descriptive)
- Loosely structured therapy paradigm
- Client analysis of stuttering
- Planned transfer
True or false, you start with stuttering modification before moving to fluency shaping therapy?
False. Always start with fluency shaping, and then based on client move to stuttering modification if needed, but in order to modify stutter you must have awareness of fluency shaping techniques
What are pharmacological approaches and their affect on stuttering
Pharmacological approach=using drugs to treat stutter
Evidence is lacking, mixed results in experiments
At one time, Haloperidol, which blocked receptors for the neurotransmitter dopamine, might prove to be effective
Another study noted that tranquilizers and sedatives reduced the severity of stuttering compared to placebos
