Chap 15

Question 1

What is neurogenic stuttering?

Answer 1

stuttering that is caused or exacberated by neurological disease or damage.

Question 2

when it the typical onset of neurogenic stuttering?

Answer 2

after childhood

Question 3

what are some etiologies of neurogenic stuttering

Answer 3

• stroke
• head trauma
• tumor
• parkinsons
• drug toxicity

Question 4

what are components of an eval on someone with a neurogenic stutter

Answer 4

• complete case history detailing onset of stutter
• health history
• direct assessment of speech
• assessment of possible aphasia?

Question 5

what are core behaviors of neurogenic stuttering?

Answer 5

• occurs on function words and content words

- not always restricted to initial syllables in words like it generally does in developmental stuttering

Question 6

what are secondary behaviors of neurogenic stuttering

Answer 6

• few secondary behaviors
• if they do occur, are mild
• USUALLY do not see escape, avoidance (like you do in developmental stuttering)

Question 7

what are responses to fluency inducing conditions when it comes to neurogenic stuttering?

Answer 7

• little to no adaptation in fluency inducing conditions

- can read a passage multiple times and disfluencies will not decrease

Question 8

what are the emotional responses to neurogenic stuttering

Answer 8

• relatively little fear and anxiety associated with stutter

- frustration/annoyance common

Question 9

what is psychogenic acquired stuttering?

Answer 9

typically appears after prolonged stress or traumatic event

-may be accompanied by unusual secondary behaviors

Question 10

when does psychogenic stutter generally appear?

Answer 10

teen age or later

Question 11

when evaluating psychogenic stutter what is most important to rule out first?

Answer 11

neurogenic stutter/disorder

Question 12

What should be included in an evaluation of a psychogenic stutter

Answer 12

• complete case history, interview on onset, changes, pattern, etc
• motor speech exam
• speaking under fluency enhancing conditions

*Trial therapy (may help psychogenic stutter, will not help neurogenic stutter)

Question 13

What type of approach should you take when working with a psychogenic person who stutters?

Answer 13

• multidisciplinary approach
• slp
• psychiatrist
• neurologist

Question 14

What are the signs of a psychogenic etiology vs a neurological one?

Answer 14

• adult onset during high stress
• absence of neurological factors
• improvement with trial therapy
• unusual secondary behaviors

Question 15

who are good candidates for psychogenic stutter treatment?

Answer 15

those who improve with trial therapy and have adequate room for psychological adjustment

Question 16

what is cluttering?

Answer 16

sudden bursts of rapid speech that is difficult to understand and is somewhat disfluent

Question 17

what is mazing?

Answer 17

disorganized language

Question 18

Is multidisciplinary approach good for individuals who stutter?

Answer 18

YES, include:

• slp
• teacher
• special education
• psychologist
• audiologist

Question 19

What should be included in evaluation of individual who clutters?

Answer 19

• case history (parent/teacher perception, how long problem existed, where/when it appears, etc)
• direct assessment of speech
• language assessment
• assessment of cluttering characteristics
• assessment of co-existing disorders

Question 20

who are good candidates for cluttering treatment

Answer 20

those who have the ability to control cluttering on demand and have motivation to improve.

Question 21

What are aspects of cluttering treatment?

Answer 21

• increase clients awareness of rate
• improve linguistic skills
• facilitate fluency
• increase clients knowledge and awareness of cluttering

-use a device that shows clinicians rate, have client try to imitiate, rather than just asking client to slow down.