Overview of Immunology Flashcards
innate immune system
noncellular and cellular processes that hold down an infection until acquired is generated, first line of defense
acquried immune system
clears infection with high specificity and efficiency
PRR
receptors on innate cells, recognize PAMPs on pathogens
primary lymphoid tissues
bone marrow
thymus
bone marrow
all precursor cells generated for immune system
thymus
where T cells mature
hematopoietic stem cell differentiates into
common lymphoid progenitor
common myeloid progenitor
common erythroid megakaryocyte progenitor
common lymphoid progenitor differentiates into
B cell
NK/T cell progenitor
NK/T cell progenitor differentiates into
NK cell
effector T cell
B cell differentiates into
plasma cell
common myeloid progenitor differentiates into
common granulocyte progenitor
unknown progenitor
common granulocyte progenitor differentiates into
neutrophil
basophil
eosinophil
unknown progenitor differentiates into
monocyte
monocyte differentiates into
dendritic cell, macrophage, mast cell
common erythroid megakaryocyte progenitor differentiates into
megakaryocyte
erythroblast
megakaryocyte differentiates into
platelets
erythroblast differentiates into
erythrocyte
erythrocyte function
clear immune response from the system
O2 transport
megaaryocyte function
produce platelets or thrombocytes
neutrophil
phagocyte of innate immune system
controls bacterial/fungal infections
presence of bands (immature neutrophils) in the system indicate a bacterial infection
monocyte
precursor to macrophage
macrophage
phagocyte of innate immune system
control bacterial/fungal infections
activation of T cells-adaptive immune response
express antibody Fc receptors
professional antigen presenting cell
recognize foreign material tagged with opsonins
eosinophils
innate
granulocyte
control parasitic infections
have IgE receptors
basophils
innate
granulocyte
not much known about function, thought to be similar to eosinophils
mast cells
innate parasite protection high affinity IgE receptors on surface granules contain inflammatory mediators hypersensitivity responses
mastocytosis
patients have an overabundance of mast cells
1. cutaneous-excessive mast cells in skin
2. systemic- excessive mast cells in internal organs and skin
usually early onset is cutaneous then develops into systemic
D816V mutation
NK cells
innate
controls viral infections
have Fc receptors so can be enlisted in acquired immune response (ADCC)
marophage mediated initiation of inflammation
PRR recognizes PAMPs which results in production of cytokines and chemokines
important for the innate control of infections
spleen
secondary lymphoid tissue
storage of new RBCs and removal of old RBCs
red pulp
site of storage and removal of RBCs
periarterial lymphoid sheath
T cell zone
germinal center
B cell zone
lympho node
secondary lymphoid tissue
lymphoid follicle of lymph node
B cell zone
Peyer’s patches
most organized of the GALT
antigen presenting cells
dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells
most potent APC
dendritic cell
dendritic cells
activate T cells and initiate adaptive immune response
2 most important steps in the development of lymphocytes
- generation of antigen specific receptors
2. removal of determinants with receptors that recognize self
B cells
produce and secrete antibodies
T cells
cd4 and cd8 cells
cd4 cells
cells modulate the activity of other immune cell types through their production of protein signals known as cytokines
cd8 cells
CD8 effector cells recognize and kill infected host cells
