overview of hematology

Question 1

what are the three types of blood and also the solid portion of the blood?

Answer 1

Red Blood Cells (RBCs) / erythrocytes
White Blood Cells (WBCs) / leukocytes
Platelets (PLTs) / thrombocytes

Question 2

study of blood cells using staining,
counting, analyzing and recording of appearance,
genotype and phenotype of each cell.

Answer 2

Hematology

Question 3

Anucleated, biconcave, discoid cells filled with protein
(hemoglobin)

Answer 3

Red blood cells

Question 4

Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 4

Red blood cells

Question 5

loss of oxygen-carrying capacity of blood
▪ reduced RBC count or reduced RBC hemoglobin
concentration

Answer 5

Anemia

Question 6

▪ increased RBC count
▪ increased circulating RBC mass that leads to
hyperviscosity.

Answer 6

Polycythemia

Question 7

_______ matches the osmolality of RBC

Answer 7

Normal saline

Question 8

what is the dilution of RBC

Answer 8

1:200

Question 9

a glass pipette designed for dilution

Answer 9

thoma pipette

Question 10

it is called a glass counting chamber

Answer 10

hemacytometer

Question 11

RBCs are assayed for?

Answer 11

Hemoglobin concentration and Hematocrit

Question 12

HGB measurement relies on what solution?

Answer 12

weak solution - potassium cyanide and potassium ferricyanide

Question 13

potassium cyanide and potassium ferricyanide is called?

Answer 13

Drabkin reagent

Question 14

it is a mixture of whole blood and drabkin reagent

Answer 14

cyanmethemoglobin

Question 15

what is the absorbance of cyanmethemoglobin in spectrometer?

Answer 15

540 nm wavelength

Question 16

alternative for ionic surfactant?

Answer 16

sodium lauryl sulfate

Question 17

ratio of the volume of packed RBCs to the
volume of whole blood.

Answer 17

Hematocrit

Question 18

also called “packed cell volume”

Answer 18

hematocrit

Question 19

light-colored layer between RBCs and
plasma which contains WBCs and platelets

Answer 19

buffy coat

Question 20

volume measurement
recorded in femtoliters (fL). RBC diameter on Wrightstained blood film

Answer 20

mean cell volume

Question 21

grams
per deciliter (g/dL). RBC staining intensity and central
pallor

Answer 21

mean cell hemoglobin concentration

Question 22

variation in diameter or size?

Answer 22

anisocytosis

Question 23

Indicate the ability of bone marrow to increase RBC
production

Answer 23

polychromatic erythrocytes

Question 24

used to differentiate and count young RBCs

Answer 24

methylene blue

Question 25

- present as protection against infection and injury. - produce in bone marrow or lymphoid tissue.

Answer 25

white blood cells

Question 26

what is the dilution of WBC

Answer 26

1:20

Question 27

decrease in WBC

Answer 27

Leukopenia

Question 28

increase in WBC

Answer 28

Leukocytosis

Question 29

multilobed, pink- or lavender staining Engulf and destroy microorganisms and foreign materials

Answer 29

Neutrophils

Question 30

increase in neutrophils associated in bacterial infection

Answer 30

Neutrophilia

Question 31

decrease in neutrophils

Answer 31

Neutropenia

Question 32

less mature neutrophils

Answer 32

Bands

Question 33

Round, bright orange-red cytoplasmic granules and filled with proteins for immune regulation

Answer 33

Eosinophils

Question 34

elevated eosinophil level associated in allergy or parasitic infection.

Answer 34

Eosinophilia

Question 35

Dark purple, irregular cytoplasmic granules and contains histamines

Answer 35

Basophils

Question 36

increased level of basophils associated in hematologic disease

Answer 36

Basophilia

Question 37

provide host immunity - recognize antigens, mount humoral (antibodies), and cell-mediated antagonistic response

Answer 37

Lymphocytes

Question 38

increase in lymphocytes associated with viral infections

Answer 38

Lymphocytosis

Question 39

- decreased level associated with drug therapy or immunodeficiency

Answer 39

Lymphocytopenia

Question 40

- immature macrophage - most abundant cell type in body

Answer 40

Monocytes

Question 41

increase in monocytes found in infections or inflammation

Answer 41

Monocytosis

Question 42

uncontrolled proliferation of clone malignant WBCS

Answer 42

Leukemia

Question 43

– common form of childhood leukemia.

Answer 43

Lymphoblastic leukemia

Question 44

Maintains blood vessel integrity

Answer 44

Platelets

Question 45

Adheres to damage blood vessels to form plug and trigger thrombosis

Answer 45

Platelets

Question 46

signal inflammation or trauma

Answer 46

Thrombocytosis

Question 47

– rare malignant condition caused by extremely high platelet count and uncontrolled platelet production

Answer 47

Essential thrombocythemia

Question 48

common consequence of drug treatment.

Answer 48

thrombocytopenia

Question 49

percent distribution of tabulated 100 (or more) WBCs

Answer 49

WBC differentials

Question 50

do not flow in bloodstream

Answer 50

Endothelial cells

Question 51

the liquid clotted portion of blood

Answer 51

serum

Question 52

the liquid unclotted portion of the blood

Answer 52

plasma

Question 53

transports and nourishes blood cells and provides coagulation enzymes that protects the blood vessel?

Answer 53

Plasma

Question 54

what is the least granulocyte in blood composition

Answer 54

basophil

Question 55

what is the most abundant blood composition in children?

Answer 55

lymphocyte

Question 56

what is the term called in different shape?

Answer 56

poikilocytosis

Question 57

what is the NSS isotomic solution of RBC?

Answer 57

0.85%

Question 58

what does the osmality do?

Answer 58

it gives balance to the blood hence the reason why the NSS of the solution match the osmality

Question 59

how is RBC reported?

Answer 59

cells per microliter

Question 60

what is the rbc distribution width?

Answer 60

11.5 to 14.5%

Question 61

what is term used for have normal characteristics?

Answer 61

normocytic

Question 62

what is the reference interval for the RBC of males?

Answer 62

4.20 - 6.00

Question 63

what is the reference interval for the RBC of females?

Answer 63

3.80 to 5.20

Question 64

what part of the coagulation is when platelets respond to vascular injury?

Answer 64

primary homeostasis

Question 65

what part of coagulation is when the proteins are in the plasma?

Answer 65

secondary homeostasis

Question 66

this is the final stage of coagulation and digest clot

Answer 66

Fibrinolysis