Hemoglobin metabolism

Question 1

most studied protein in the body due to its
ability of being easily isolated from the RBC

Answer 1

hemoglobin

Question 2

what compromises 95% of the rbc?

Answer 2

cytoplasmic content of rbc

Question 3

what is the ring carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen called in the heme structure?

Answer 3

protoporphyrin IX

Question 4

what is the oxidized hemoglobin called?

Answer 4

methemoglobin

Question 5

when ferrous oxidized become ____ it cannot bind with?

Answer 5

ferric; oxygen

Question 6

each hemoglobin has how many globin chains?

Answer 6

4

Question 7

what is amino acid sequence of polypeptide chain called?

Answer 7

primary structure

Question 8

what structure have chain arrangements in helices and nonhelices

Answer 8

secondary structure

Question 9

what structure has the arrangement of helices into pretzel like configuration

Answer 9

tertiary structure

Question 10

what structure have a complete hemoglobin structure>

Answer 10

quaternary structure

Question 11

it has two a globin chain and b globin chain

Answer 11

Hb A

Question 12

posttranslational modification
formed by the nonenzymatic binding of sugars
to globin chain amino groups

Answer 12

glycation

Question 13

Occurs in mitochondria and cytoplasm of bone marrow
erythroid precursor

Answer 13

hemoglobin biosynthesis

Question 14

epsilon, gamma, delta, and beta is on the short arm of?

Answer 14

chromosome 11

Question 15

where does production of globin chain occurs?

Answer 15

erythroid precursors

Question 16

transcription of globin genes to mRNA happens in

Answer 16

nucleus

Question 17

transformation of mRNA to the globin polypeptide chains occurs in

Answer 17

ribosomes in cytoplasm

Question 18

globin binds to heme molecule and forms>

Answer 18

heterodimer

Question 19

it comprises of 2 a chain and 2 b chain and present from 6 months of age through adulthood

Answer 19

Hb A

Question 20

contains of a 2 a chain and 2 d chains and comprises less than 3.5% of total hemoglobin in adults

Answer 20

Hb A2

Question 21

contains two a and two g chains

Answer 21

Hb F

Question 22

Used for fractionation, presumptive identification,
and quantification of normal hemoglobin and
hemoglobin variants

Answer 22

Electrophoresis and HPLC

Question 23

what is the is the predominant hemoglobin at the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of fetal life and at birth

Answer 23

Hb F

Question 24

what is the predominant at 6 months of age and through
adulthood with small amounts of Hb A2 and Hb F2

Answer 24

Hb A

Question 25

what is the key rate-limiting step in heme synthesis is the initial reaction of _____

Answer 25

glycine and succinyl CoA to form ALA

Question 26

it leads to balance production of heme and globin

Answer 26

globin regulation

Question 27

when is globin synthesis regulates ?

Answer 27

translation

Question 28

insufficient quantity of hemoglobin leads to?

Answer 28

hypoxia

Question 29

hypoxia is detected by

Answer 29

peritubular cells of kidney

Question 30

EPO increases the number of?

Answer 30

erythrocytes

Question 31

what is the amount of oxygen needed to saturate 50% hemoglobin

Answer 31

p value

Question 32

shift to the left in oxygen means?

Answer 32

o2 bound to RBC, high % of o2 saturation

Question 33

shift to right in oxygen

Answer 33

low o2 saturation o2 is deliver to tissue and no o2 is delivered to the lungs

Question 34

Causes relaxation of vascular wall smooth
muscle and vasodilation

Answer 34

nitric oxide

Question 35

dysfunctional hemoglobin that are unable to transport oxygen

Answer 35

dyshemoglobin

Question 36

Formed by the reversible oxidation of heme iron to the
ferric state

Answer 36

methhemoglobin