Hematopoiesis Flashcards
Continuous, regulated process of blood cell
production
Hematopoiesis
What are the stages of hematopoiesis?
Mesoblastic, Hepatic, Medullary/Myeloid Stage
Where is the site of hematopoiesis in the mesoblastic stage?
Yolk sac of the human embryo
what is the day of the development of mesoblastic stage?
19th day
what kind of cells form in the mesoblastic stage?
primitive nucleated erythroblasts
what does the primitive erythroblast form? list the 3 forms
Hemoglobin
Gower 1
Gower 2
Portland
Gower 1 - (? and ?)
2 Zeta and 2 Epsilon
Gower 2 - (? and ?)
2 alpha and 2 epsilon
Portland (? and ?)
2 Zeta and 2 Gamma
Gower 1
Gower 2
Portland
are not detectable after what month?
3rd month of gestation
what is the site of hematopoiesis of hepatic stage? and what week?
Fetal Liver and 5th to 7th week of gestation
___________ disappear during this stage
Hematopoiesis in the AGM region and the yolk sac
what organs contribute to hepatic stage?
spleen, kidney, thymus, and lymph nodes
first fully developed organ in the fetus
thymus
Hb F (? and ? ) and when is it produced?
2 alpha and 2 gamma
4th month of gestation
production of hematopoietic cells in bone marrow and starts in bone marrow
medullary
production of hematopoietic cells in the liver and spleen
extramedullary
myeloid cells being
produced outside the marrow
myeloid metaplasia
what is the site of hematopoiesis of the myeloid stage?
bone marrow
by the end of what week does the bone marrow becomes the primary site of hematopoiesis?
24th week
what organ began to slowly diminish in the last trimester ?
Liver
Hb-A1 (? and ?)
Hb-A2 (? and ?
2 alpha and 2 beta
2 alpha and 2 delta
transport oxygen?
iron
needed for goblin chain synthesis?
amino acids
dna replication and cell division
folic acids and vitamin b12
what percent of bone marrow is active in new born?
80% -90%
what percent of bone marrow is active in young adult?
60%
what percent of bone marrow is active in older adult?
40%
Aka pluripotential or multipotential cells
o Retain the ability to differentiate into any cell
lines
Stem cells
Major site of blood cell production in 2nd trimester
(hepatic phase)
Liver
Sequesters membrane-damaged RBCs and removes
them from the circulation
Largest lymphoid organ in the body
Spleen
Bean-shaped structures
Superficial or deep
Lymph
Cortex, paracortex, medulla
Site of lymphocyte proliferation, initiation of specific
immune response, filter particulate matter-debrisbacteria
Lymph nodes
In adults, T cell progenitors migrate to the ______
from the bone marrow for further maturation
thymus
: 30-70% hematopoietic cells
Normocellular
<30% hematopoietic cells
Hypocellular
: >70% hematopoietic cells
Hypercellular
few or no hematopoietic cells
Aplastic
Detects myelocytic cells by staining
cytoplasmic granular contents
Myeloperoxidase
(MPO)
Detects myelocytic cells by staining
cytoplasmic granular contents
Sudan black B
(SBB)
Detects lymphocytic cells and certain
abnormal erythrocytic cells by staining of
cytoplasmic glycogen
Periodic acidSchiff (P
: largest bone marrow cell
Megakaryocyte
most common cell in bone marrow
metamyelocyte
nonspecific alpha naphthyl acetate
macrophages
) chloroacetate esterase
Mast cells
synthesized new bone matrix; water
bug/comet appearance
osteoblasts
large and multinucleated, bone-resorbing
cells
osteoclasts
Unipotential stem cells
Differentiate into only one cell line
Progenitor
Blast forms
Comprise the third marrow compartment
Precursor cells
Size: 12 to 20 um
Nucleus: round to slightly oval
o Nucleoli: 1 to 2
o Chromatin: fine
Cytoplasm: dark blue; may have prominent golgi
N:C Ratio: 8:1
Rubriblast
Globin production begins, protein and enzymes for
iron uptake and protoporphyrin synthesis produced
Rubriblast
Size: 10 to 15 um
Nucleus: round to slightly oval
o Nucleoli: 0 to 1
o Chromatin: slightly condensed
Cytoplasm: deeper, richer blue than pronormoblast –
“basophilic”
N:C Ratio: 6:1
Detectable hemoglobin synthesis occurs
Prorubricyte
Last stage capable of mitosis
Rubicyte
