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Pathology - Locomotor Module > Overview of Bone Diseases > Flashcards

Overview of Bone Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

The human skeleton is about ____% of body weight

A

12%

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2
Q

Bone matrix is composed of an organic component known as osteoid ____% and a mineral component ____%

A

35% osteoid

65% mineral component

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3
Q

Osteoid is made up of predominantly ___________ (type I collagen/type X collagen) with smaller amounts of glycosaminoglycans and other proteins

A

type I collagen

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4
Q

Osteopontin, a protein of osteoid, is made by _____________ (osteocytes/osteoclasts/osteoblasts)

A

osteoblasts

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5
Q

Osteopontin is also called ______________

A

Osteocalcin

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6
Q

What is the function of osteopontin?

a. It is a glycoprotein that binds to calcium in bone.
b. It is involved in bone formation and mineralization and in calcium homeostasis

A

It is involved in bone formation and mineralization and in calcium homeostasis

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7
Q

What is the function of osteonectin?

A

It is a glycoprotein that binds to calcium in bone

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8
Q

_____________ is measurable in the serum and serves as a sensitive and specific marker for osteoblast activity.

A

Osteocalcin

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9
Q

What is the formula of hydroxyapatite?

A

[Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2]

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10
Q

Hydroxyapatite serves as a repository for ___% of the body’s calcium and ___% of its phosphorus

A

99% calcium

85% phosphorus

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11
Q

The bone matrix is synthesized in one of two histologic forms that are _________ or __________

A

woven or lamellar

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12
Q

Woven bone is produced _________ (rapidly/gradually)

A

rapidly

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13
Q

The _____________ (haphazard/parallel) arrangement of collagen fibers in woven bone imparts less structural integrity.

A

haphazard

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14
Q

When is woven bone produced?

A

During fetal development

Fracture repair

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15
Q

The parallel arrangement of collagen fibers in _______ (woven/lamellar) bone imparts more structural integrity.

A

lamellar

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16
Q

Lamellar bone is produced _________ (rapidly/slowly)

A

slowly

17
Q

In an adult, the presence of woven bone is ________ (normal/abnormal)

A

abnormal

18
Q

Where are osteoblasts located?

A

On the surface of the matrix

19
Q

Over time, osteoblasts may become inactive, indicated by a decrease in the ___________

A

cytoplasm

20
Q

What is the fate of inactive osteoblasts?

A

They may remain on the surface of trabeculae or they might embed in the matrix become osteocytes

21
Q

Osteocytes are interconnected by an intricate network
of dendritic cytoplasmic processes through tunnels
known as __________

A

canaliculi

22
Q

What are the functions of osteoblasts?

A

They synthesize, transport, and assemble the matrix and regulate its mineralization

Pathology - Locomotor Module (6 decks)

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