Overview for control and regulation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between the set point and the set zone

A

Set point - desired value of a molecule
Set zone - range of tolerance within a system

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2
Q

What is an amphibolic process

A

A process that involves both anabolic and catabolic reactions

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3
Q

What is negative and positive feedback

A

N - reverse deviations from normal
P- amplify deviations from normal

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4
Q

What are the 2 types of allostery

A

Allosteric inhibition
Allosteric stimulation

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5
Q

Give 4 examples of activated carrier molecules

A

NAD, FAD, NADP and CoA

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6
Q

Give one difference between the nervous and the endocrine system

A

N is fast to detect changes and immediate to respond whereas E has a slower response time but a prolonged response

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7
Q

What are glands

A

A group of epithelial cells which produce specialised secretions

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8
Q

What is unique about endocrine glands

A

They are ductless glands

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9
Q

Give an example of a protein, amine and steroid hormone

A

P - Insulin
S - Oestrogen
A - Adrenaline

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10
Q

What is a hormone cascade pathway

A

When a hormone stimulates the release of a series of other hormones and the last one activates a non-endocrine target cell

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11
Q

What is the endocrine’s system main control centre

A

The hypothalamus

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12
Q

What does the thyroid gland control the level of in the blood

A

Calcium

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13
Q

Which hormone is responsible for increasing blood calcium levels, where is it released, what is the target and how does it work

A

PTH - parathyroid glands - small intestine - increases calcium absorbed by the small intestine

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14
Q

Which hormone is responsible for decreasing blood calcium levels, where is it released, what is the target and how does it work

A

Calcitonin - thyroid glands - bones and kidneys - decreases reabsorption of calcium into bones and kidneys

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