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Microbiology II > Overview > Flashcards

Overview Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Chromosome number of prokaryotes

A

One

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2
Q

With membrane-bound organelles

A

Eukaryotes

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3
Q

Plants and algae component of cell wall

A

Cellulose

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4
Q

Cell wall of archaebacteria is composed of

A

Pseudopeptidoglycan

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5
Q

Motility structures of bacteria

A

Flagella

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6
Q

Cell wall of fungi contains

A

Chitin

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7
Q

Microorganisms without cell wall but with flexible membranes

A

Protozoa

Helminths

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8
Q

Obligate intracellular but acellular parasites of plants with naked RNA; not medically important

A

Viroids

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9
Q

Those with true nuclear membrane

A

Eukaryotes

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10
Q

Gram +/- bacteria: has teichoic acids

A

Gram positive

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11
Q

Gram +/- bacteria: periplasmic space

A

Gram negative

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12
Q

Gram +/- bacteria: has thicker peptidoglycan layer(s)

A

Gram positive

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13
Q

Steps and reagent for gram staining

A

1: Primary stain - Crystal violet
2: Mordant - Iodine
3: Decolorize - Acetone/ alcohol
4: Counterstain - Safranin

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14
Q

All bacteria have cell walls made out of peptidoglycan except

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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15
Q

All gram+ bacteria have no endotoxin except

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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16
Q

All bacteria capsules are composed of polysaccharide except

A

Bacillus anthracis

17
Q

All exotoxins are heat-labile except

A

Staphylococcal enterotoxin

18
Q

Examples of obligate aerobes

A

Leptospira, Mycobacterium, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pseudomonas, Nocardia, Bacillus cereus, Neisseria, Bordetella, Legionella and Brucella

19
Q

Examples of microaerophiles

A

Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Streptococcus, Spirochetes (Borrelia, Treponema)

20
Q

Examples of facultative anaerobes

A

Staphylococcus, Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium, Listeria, Mycoplasma (non-pneumoniae)

21
Q

Examples of Aerotolerant anaerobes

A

Propionibacterium, Lactobacillus

22
Q

Examples of obligate anaerobes

A

ABC - Actinimyces, Bacteroides, Clostridium

23
Q

Process when DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another

A

Conjugation

Prokaryotes

24
Q

Process when DNA transferred by a virus from one cell to another

A

Transduction

In prokaryotes

25
Q

Process when purified DNA is taken up by a cell

A

Transformation

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes

26
Q

Cycles of bacterial transfuction (2)

A

Lytic cycle and Lysogenic cycle

27
Q

Agent in the Griffith’s experiment

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

mouse

28
Q

Exo vs endotoxins: genes located in the plasmid or bacteriophage

A

Exotoxin

29
Q

Exo vs endotoxins: low toxicity and antigenicity

A

Endotoxins

30
Q

Exo vs endotoxins: meningococcemia

A

Endotoxin

31
Q

Exo vs endotoxins: usually destroyed rapidly at 60C (except in Staph)

A

Exotoxin

32
Q

Endotoxins are stable for 1 hour at which temperature?

A

100C

Microbiology II (4 decks)

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