overview Flashcards
Normal blood sugar is
70-100mg/dl
Checking for blood sugar levels include 3 test:
Urinalysis, Serum blood glucose test, Oral glucose Tolerance test
Oral glucose Tolerance test:
Normal, blood glucose rises fast then falls below ()
140
Is a system of () that secrete () to control bodys function
glands
hormones
Major glands of endocrine: 9
Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal,Thyroid, Parathyroid, Pancreas, Thymus, Adrenal gland, Ovaries/testes
Endocrine system controls and integrates:
Reproduction, Growth and development,
Maintenance of electrolytes, water and nutrient balance
Mobilization of body defenses
Endocrine + () main controls of body
Nervous system
study of and endocrine organs
Endocrinology
Some have endo and exo functions: 3
Pancreas,gonads,placenta
Small pockets of endocrine cells:
Adipose cells,thymus,cells in walls of small intestine, Stomach,Kidney,Heart
2 Main classes of hormones
Water based, Lipid based
Water Based are:
they cannot enter cells
Act via () protein second messenger
Amines, Peptides and proteins
G
Lipid based are:
-They act directly
Steriod and thyroid
Water soluble hormones:
1.peptide/protein hormone (1st messenger) binds to receptor on cells plasma membrane
2.Binds lead to activation of enzyme inside changes ATP to __ (2nd messenger)
() activates series of enzymes called ()
cAMP
Cascade
Lipid solube hormones
diffuse right into () membrane
Receptor hormone enter nucleus and binds to specific region of ()
DNA transcription to produce ()
() moves to ribosomes translates
-Metabolic activities, structural puposes
plasma
DNA
mRNA
