Ovarian Surface Epithelial Tumors

Question 1

How common is surface epithelial tumor?

Answer 1

Surface epithelial tumors comprise about 60% of all ovarian neoplasm and 80-90% of all malignant ovarian neoplasm

Question 2

What are the clinical characteristics of the ovarian surface epithelial tumors?

Answer 2

1. Tend to occur in older people
2. Symtomps are generally vague and may include adbodminal pain, diarrhea or constipation, abdominal distension, bloating, early satiety.

Question 3

What are the risk factors?

Answer 3

1. BRCA-1

2. Lynch syndrome (HNPCC)

Question 4

What leads to reduced risk?

Answer 4

1. OCPs (Oral Contraceptive Pills)

2. Pregnancy

Question 5

What do the malignant types do?

Answer 5

Seed peritoneal cavity

Question 6

What is the tumor marker?

Answer 6

serum CA-125

Question 7

What is the most common benign ovarian tumor?

Answer 7

Serous cystadenoma

Question 8

What is the most common malignant ovarian tumor?

Answer 8

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

Question 9

What are the important characteristics of endometrioid tumor?

Answer 9

1. Most often malignant

2. Though benign and bordeline forms exist

Question 10

What is the ovaries involvement with the endometrioid tumor

Answer 10

40% of the time both ovaries are involved.

Question 11

True or false

Endometrioid tumor is associated with endometriosis and concurrent endometrial carcinoma

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is the morphology of the endometrioid tumor?

Answer 12

A combination of solid and cystic areas; sometimes develop as a mass projecting from a chocolate-cyst (endometriosis of the ovary)

Question 13

What are the treatment options for epithelial ovarian cancer?

Answer 13

Based on surgery plus chemotherapy and radiation is needed.

1. Surgical removal is a Total abdominal hysterectomy plus bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy (TAHBSO)
2. Chemotherapy is often carboplatin and paclitaxel
3. CA-125 levels and CT scans are done to monitor for recurrence.

Question 14

What is Cystadenoma?

Answer 14

Benign whereas cystadenocarcinoma is malignant

Question 15

What is unique about cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma

Answer 15

These tumors are often bilateral

Question 16

What is the histological characteristics of serous cystadenoma?

Answer 16

lined with ciliated cells like fallopian tube epitheliam

Question 17

What is the histological characteristics of cystadenocarcinoma histopathology?

Answer 17

1. Psammoma bodies (dystrophic calcification)

2. Invasive papillary histology

Question 18

Psammoma bodies are commonly seen in the following tumors:

Answer 18

Mnemonic: PSaMMoma

1. Papillary carcinoma of thyroid
2. Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary and endometrium
3. Malignant mesothelioma
4. Menngioma

Question 19

What is the characteristics of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma?

Answer 19

1. Rupture can produce pseudomyxoma peritonei –> copious mucinous ascites and peritoneal mucinous tumors
2. More often, pseudomyxoma peritonei is caused by the appendix

Question 20

(FA) What are some of the important characteristics of serous cystadenoma?

Answer 20

1. 20% of ovarian tumors.
2. Frequently bilateral
3. Lined with fallopian tube-like epithelium
4. Benign
5. CA-125 is good for monitoring progression, not for screening

Question 21

(FA) What are some of the important characteristics of serous cystadenocarcinoma?

Answer 21

1. 45% of ovarian tumors, malignant and frequently bilateral.
2. Psammoma bodies seen on histology

Question 22

(FA) What are the risk factors for serous cystadenocarcinoma?

Answer 22

BRCA-1, BRCA-2, HNPCC

Question 23

(FA) What are some of the important characteristics of mucinous cystadenoma?

Answer 23

1. Multilobular cyst lined by mucus-secreting epithelium
2. Benign
3. Intestine-like tissue

Question 24

(FA) What are some of the important characteristics of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma?

Answer 24

1. Malignant

2. Pseudomyxoma peritonei-intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor