Ovarian Surface Epithelial Tumors Flashcards
How common is surface epithelial tumor?
Surface epithelial tumors comprise about 60% of all ovarian neoplasm and 80-90% of all malignant ovarian neoplasm
What are the clinical characteristics of the ovarian surface epithelial tumors?
- Tend to occur in older people
- Symtomps are generally vague and may include adbodminal pain, diarrhea or constipation, abdominal distension, bloating, early satiety.
What are the risk factors?
- BRCA-1
2. Lynch syndrome (HNPCC)
What leads to reduced risk?
- OCPs (Oral Contraceptive Pills)
2. Pregnancy
What do the malignant types do?
Seed peritoneal cavity
What is the tumor marker?
serum CA-125
What is the most common benign ovarian tumor?
Serous cystadenoma
What is the most common malignant ovarian tumor?
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
What are the important characteristics of endometrioid tumor?
- Most often malignant
2. Though benign and bordeline forms exist
What is the ovaries involvement with the endometrioid tumor
40% of the time both ovaries are involved.
True or false
Endometrioid tumor is associated with endometriosis and concurrent endometrial carcinoma
True
What is the morphology of the endometrioid tumor?
A combination of solid and cystic areas; sometimes develop as a mass projecting from a chocolate-cyst (endometriosis of the ovary)
What are the treatment options for epithelial ovarian cancer?
Based on surgery plus chemotherapy and radiation is needed.
- Surgical removal is a Total abdominal hysterectomy plus bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy (TAHBSO)
- Chemotherapy is often carboplatin and paclitaxel
- CA-125 levels and CT scans are done to monitor for recurrence.
What is Cystadenoma?
Benign whereas cystadenocarcinoma is malignant
What is unique about cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma
These tumors are often bilateral
What is the histological characteristics of serous cystadenoma?
lined with ciliated cells like fallopian tube epitheliam
What is the histological characteristics of cystadenocarcinoma histopathology?
- Psammoma bodies (dystrophic calcification)
2. Invasive papillary histology
Psammoma bodies are commonly seen in the following tumors:
Mnemonic: PSaMMoma
- Papillary carcinoma of thyroid
- Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary and endometrium
- Malignant mesothelioma
- Menngioma
What is the characteristics of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma?
- Rupture can produce pseudomyxoma peritonei –> copious mucinous ascites and peritoneal mucinous tumors
- More often, pseudomyxoma peritonei is caused by the appendix
(FA) What are some of the important characteristics of serous cystadenoma?
- 20% of ovarian tumors.
- Frequently bilateral
- Lined with fallopian tube-like epithelium
- Benign
- CA-125 is good for monitoring progression, not for screening
(FA) What are some of the important characteristics of serous cystadenocarcinoma?
- 45% of ovarian tumors, malignant and frequently bilateral.
- Psammoma bodies seen on histology
(FA) What are the risk factors for serous cystadenocarcinoma?
BRCA-1, BRCA-2, HNPCC
(FA) What are some of the important characteristics of mucinous cystadenoma?
- Multilobular cyst lined by mucus-secreting epithelium
- Benign
- Intestine-like tissue
(FA) What are some of the important characteristics of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma?
- Malignant
2. Pseudomyxoma peritonei-intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
