Ovarian Pathology Flashcards
How does the incidence of GYN cancers compare to prognosis?
Incidence: Endometrial > Ovarian > Cervical
Prognosis: Ovarian (worst) > Cervical > endometrial
What are the different types of Ovarian cysts?
Follicular Corpus luteum Theca-Lutein Hemorrhagic Dermoid Endometroid Inflammatory
What are the different types of Malignant ovarian tumors?
Serous Cystadenoma Mucinous CAD Granulosa cell tumor Immature teratoma Dysgerminoma ChorioCA Yolk sac tumor Krukenberg tumor
What are the traits of Follicular cytsts?
Most common ov mass in YW
Distention of unruptured graafian follicle
Multiple follicles, usually regress
Insignificant unless secreting estrogen (endometrial hyperplasia)
WHat are the traits of Corpus luteum cyst?
Cystic enlargement of corpus luteum w/ central hemorrhage, may rupture -> peritoneal rxn w/ fibrosis and hemmhorage
Regresses spontaneously
What are the traits of Theca-Lutein Cysts?
Gonadotropin stim
Ass with: ChorioCA and MOLEs
oft Bilateral
oft multiple
What are the traits of Hemorrhagic Cysts?
BV rupture in cyst wall
Cyst grows with inc blood retention
Self resolves
What are the traits of Dermoid Cysts?
Mature Teratome Germ cell tumor MCom 20-30 yo Elements from all 3 germ layers Funct Thyroid tissue Pain from ovarian enl and torsion
What are the traits of Endometrioid Cysts?
Endometriosis within ovary with cyst formation
Varies w/ mentrual cycle
When filled w/ dark blood, called “chocolate cyst”
What are the traits of Cerous Cystadenoma?
Most common ovarian tumor 60% benign 25% Malignant Thin walled Large, single or multiloculated cystic masses cont serous fluid lined with fallopian-like epithelium com Bilateral
What are the most common sources of Ovarian Neoplasms?
Surface epithelium 65-70%
Stromal
GC tumor
Mets tumors
What are the traits of Mucinous Cystadenoma?
Multiloculated
Unilateral and large
cells linked to cervix
80% benign 10% malignant
What are the traits of Endometrioma?
Ectopic Endometrial tissue
Complex mass on US
Pelvic Pain, dysmenorrhea and dysparumia
What are the traits of Brenner Tumor?
TRANSITIONAL type epi cells in a dense fibrous stroma
Solid tumor pale yellow/tan
Coffee bean nuclei (also seen in PTC)
Com benign and uni (90%)
What are the charicteristics of Fibromas?
Bundles of Spindle shaped fibroblasts
Pulling sensation in groin
Meigs synd: triad of Ovarian fibroma + Ascites + Hydrothorax
What are the traits of Thecomas?
Like Granuloma cell tumor may produce estrogen
Presents as an abnormal uterin bleed in PMP woman
What are the traits of Serous CystadenoCA?
Most common ovarian malignancy Freq Bilateral Psammoma Bodies (also in PTC)
WHat is the micro appearance of Serous CystadenoCA?
PAPILLARY GROWTH AND HYPERCHROMATIC CELLS
What are the traits of Mucinous cystadenoCA?
Complex Architecture
Nuclear Atypia
Stromal invasion
What is Pseudomyxoma Peritonei?
Intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
What are the traits of immature Teratoma?
Aggerssive
Rare, usually solid w/ primitive or embryonic elements (neuroectoderm)
Mature more likely to have thyroid tissue
What are the traits of Granulosa cell tumors?
Most common sex cord stromal tumor
Often produce estrogen and/or progesterone + abn uterine bleeding, sexual precocity, Br tenderness
Cal-Exner bodies
What are cal-Exner bodies?
Small eosinphilic fluid filled spaces bet. granulosa cells
What are the traits of Dysgerminoma?
Adolescents FRIED EGG CELLS Eq to male Seminoma Tumor markers: hCG, LDH Transc Factor: Oct3/4, c-KIT
What are the traits of Choriocarcinoma?
Rare Malignant Abnormal BHCG Inc Freq of Theca-lutein cells CHEMOTHERAPY
What are the traits of Yolk sac tumor?
Aggressive Infants/young children Schiller-Duval Bodies AFP Marker Most common tumor in small infants
What are the traits of Krukenberg Tumors?
GI malignancy that Mets to the ovaries causing mucin secreting signet cell AdenoCA
