Contraception Flashcards
What are the Advantages of Spermicides? MOA, Disadvantages?
Simple to use, no SE, no Rx
MOA: Physical and Chem barrier to sperm
Dis: No STD prot
High failure, Irritation, messy
What are the Advantages of Condoms? MOA, Disadvantages?
No Rx needed, STD protection, few SE
Dis: User dependant, dulling of sensation, dec sexual satisfaction, allergies
Dec Barrier to HSV and HPV
What are the Advantages of Diaphragm? MOA, Disadvantages?
Inc risk of UTI
Failure rate in first year of 12-17%
Left in place 6-8 hours after coitus, used w/ spermicide
What are the Advantages of Periodic Abstinence? MOA, Disadvantages?
Decide when to abstain from intercourse based on calendar
High Pregnancy rates
Temp method/cervical mucous method
HIGHLY motivated and EDUCATED woman and cooperative partner
What are the Advantages of Withdrawl Method? MOA, Disadvantages?
Coitus interuptus
High failure rate
Sperm in pre-ejaculate
Lack of timely or correct withdrawl
What are the three types of Hormonal Contraception?
Fixed Dose Combo
Combination phasic
Daily progestin
What is the MOA of Drospirenone?
17a-spirolactone
anti androgenic and anti mineralocorticoid
What are the two synthetic eStrogens available?
Ethinyl Estradiol
Estradiol Valerate
What is the MOA of Combination OC?
Supress ovulation
E supresses FSH secretion, progesterone supresses LH secretion
What are the Metabolic Effects of Hormonal Contraception?
Estrogen: Nausea, Br Tenderness, fluid retention, melasma
Progestin: Wt gain, acne, mood change
Carb metabolism
What are the contraindications with HC?
Smoking and >35 Vascular dis Systemic disease that effects vascular system Uncontrolled HTN Estrogen dep neoplasm CVA or MI Pregnancy Acute liver dis Migraines WITH aura
What are the reproductive effects of Hormonal Cont?
Br Cancer Cervical CA Endo Cancer Ovarian CA Liver Adenoma and CA
What are the Relative Contraindications of Hormonal Cont?
HEavy cig smoking
What are the Drug interactions with Oral Contraceptives?
Barbiturates, sulfonamides, cyclophosphamides, and rifampin
What are the non-contrac
eptive health benefits of HC?
Red blood loss Dec Endo CA Dec Dysmennorhea Dec Ovarian cysts Dec Ovarian CA Dec risk of ectopic preggo Protect against salpingitis
What is the MOA of Emergency Contraception? SE?
Disrupt ovulation take within 72 hrs of coitus High dose E and/or P N/V Br tenderness Migraines(estrogen)
WHat are the Long acting Contraceptive Steroids?
Depo- medroxyprogesterone Acetate
Return of ovulation may be as long as 1 year after discontinuing drug
WHat are the SE of Long acting Contraceptive Steroids?
Irregular Bleeding
Wt gain
Depression
Headache
What is the MOA of Progestin implants?
NEXAPLANON
Daily release of progestin causes ovulation supression, cervical mucous thickening, atrophic endometrium
What are the Benefits of IUD?
MOA?
Very Effective
Lack of associated systemic metabolic effects
Produces a local sterile, inflam. reaction within the uterine cavity
Dec sperm penetration and migration
Waht are the contraindications for IUD?
Pregnancy or supression of pregnancy Acute PID Postpartum endometriosis Infected abortion Uterine or cervical malignancy Bleeding Untreated acute cervicitis Existing IUD
What are the methods of female Sterilization?
Postpartum
Laparoscopic
Hysteroscopic
Saplingectomy (take tube out)
What are the pros/cons of Male sterilization?
Outpatient procedure
VD isolated and cut ends are closed by ligation or fulgration
NEED TO TEST for SPERM!
