ovarian cyst, torsion and cervical ectropion Flashcards
what is an ovarian cyst?
fluid filled ovarian sacs
what are some causes of ovarian cysts?
- follicle underdevelopment, corpus luteum cyst, follicular cyst
- Functional
- Neoplatic = Endometrioma (chocolate cyst) + ovarian cancer subtype (adenomas)
- Non func cysts = PCOS
what is the MC cause of big ovaries in a female of reproductive age?
follicular cyst
Ddx for ovarian cyst?
why isn’t it this?
ovarian cancer
these usually affect premenstrual females
what is the MC benign ovary tumour/cyst in under 25s?
Teratoma (dermatosi cyst)
Sx of ovarian cysts?
Bloating, painful periods, dysuria, low fertility
complications of ovarian cysts?
Meig syndrome
Cyst rupture (+ SBP + SHOCK)
Cyst haemorrhage
ovarian torsion
what is ovarian torsion?
ages it affects?
ovary twists on itself on a longitudinal axis
15-45 y
RF for ovarian torsion?
cysts
IVF
Pelvic surgery
Sx of ovarian torsion?
severe unilateral RIF/LIF Pain
N+V
Painful walk
what happens in <24 hr and >24hr in regards to pain and why?
<24 hr= ischemia = lots of pain
> 24 hr = necrotic = painless
Dx of ovarian torsion?
urine beta hCG = negative (r/o ectopic)
Colour doppler TV USS
what would be seen on doppler TV USS?
Colour doppler TV USS = WHIRLPOOL sign + fluid around ovary, ischemia
Tx for ovarian torsion?
surgical detorsion
what is cervical ectropion?
ectopic cervical glandular columnar epithelium around external OS
what type of cell should It be instead?
squamous cells
what is cervical ectropion common in?
young females with high oestrogen eg. COCP
Sx of cervical ectropion?
lots of discharge
post coital bleeding (PCB) - PAINLESS
rarely deep dysparanunia
Dx of cervical ectropion?
Red ring around os
Tx for cervical ectropion?
REASSURE!!!
consider stopping COCP (change to POP instead)
Last line = ablative surgery
what is the MC identifiable post coital bleeding cause?
cervical ectropion
