Outpatients Flashcards
Name ten reasons a child may be referred to paediatric outpatients
- growth concerns
- UTI
- constipation
- abdominal pain
- headaches
- funny turns
- heart murmur
- minor abnormalities
- asthma
- food allergies
What are the most common concerns regarding growth related to?
short stature
obesity
In a child with short stature and obesity what must be considered
Endocrine cause
What percentage of children are at risk of obesity?
14%
When should children with a UTI be investigated?
If they are at risk of future scarring which may lead to hypertension
State some concerning features regarding UTIs
Younger children Recurrent Non- e.coli bacteria Family history of renal disease Poor growth Poor urinary flow Voiding problems/constipation Spinal abnormality Hight blood pressure Renal abnormalities on antenatal scanning Abdominal mass
What is the most common bacteria that causes UTI in children?
E.coli
What is encopresis?
Passage of normal stool in an abnormal place
How is constipation treated?
Laxatives and behavioural advice
Very severe - apendicostomy
What diseases may be linked to constipation?
Thyroid disease, coeliac, anorectal abnormalities, neuromuscular problems
What is a red flag for neonates related to stools?
No passage of meconium within 24 hours
What are the concerning features of abdominal pain?
Weight loss, GI bleeding, significant vomiting (especially bile), severe diarrhoea, unexplained fever, family history of IBD, mouth ulcers, perianal disease
Which diseases may present with abdominal pain in children?
Malrotation/volvulus
IBD
Coeliac
When are headaches concerning?
When there is sign of increased intracranial pressure - headache on walking, worse on coughing/bending over, associated vomiting, visual disturbance, gait disturbance, cranial nerve palsy
State some causes of a ‘funny turn’
Seizures, breath holding, reflex anoxic seizures, sleep myclonus, night terrors, faints, cardiac, ALTE, toxins
